Main story: China delays Chang'e-7's launch by about a month. The Chang'e-7 lunar south pole mission's launch window opened today, August 24, but a tropical system (reported as Tropical Depression/Storm Narra) over the Gulf of Tonkin, alongside a cited safety and reliability review, forced a scrub with no immediate new date. Because the mission's landing site — the rim of Shackleton Crater — requires specific solar illumination geometry on top of standard orbital mechanics, its launch windows recur only about once a month for roughly a week at a time, unlike China's earlier equatorial lunar missions. Independent trajectory analysis puts the next viable opportunity around mid-to-late September.
The rest of the news:
- LandSpace / Zhuque-3 follow-up: Thursday's celebrated first-ever leg-landing of an orbital-class Chinese booster had a coda — residual methane and oxygen ignited near the booster's base after touchdown, damaging a landing leg and toppling the vehicle. The landing itself (four legs, near dead-center, ~390km downrange in Gansu) still stands as the achievement it was reported as; the post-landing fire is a separate, and not unprecedented, engineering challenge — SpaceX's own Falcon 9 booster B1086 suffered a near-identical fire and tip-over in March 2025.
- SpaceX's 100th launch of 2026: A Falcon 9 carrying 27 Starlink satellites lifted off from Vandenberg on August 22, SpaceX's 100th orbital mission of the year (99 Falcon 9 flights plus one Falcon Heavy). The booster landed on its ninth flight; Starlink has passed 11,000 operational satellites.
- Tonight's Sky: Comet 220P/McNaught is in outburst — roughly 20,000 times brighter than normal — and observable with binoculars rather than requiring a telescope, at least until it fades after an October close pass. Also: a reminder that a 96%-partial lunar eclipse falls the night of August 27–28.
Links & sources:
- NASASpaceFlight.com — LandSpace's Zhuque-3 Topples After Landing
- Space.com — Bad weather delays launch of China's historic Chang'e 7 mission to moon's south pole
- SCMP — China puts Chang'e-7 mission to lunar south pole on hold
- SpaceNews — China delays Chang'e-7 lunar south pole landing mission launch
- China in Space — Chang'e 7 Moon Mission Delayed by One Month
- CNN — China postpones launch of unprecedented water-hunting moon mission amid space race
- Space.com — SpaceX sends 27 Starlink satellites to orbit on 100th Falcon rocket launch of the year
- APOD — Comet 220P in Outburst (August 24, 2026)
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This episode includes AI-generated content.
00:00:00 --> 00:00:03 Anna: Hey, everyone. Welcome back to Astronomy
00:00:03 --> 00:00:04 Daily. I'm Anna.
00:00:04 --> 00:00:07 Avery: And I'm avery. It's Monday, August 24th.
00:00:08 --> 00:00:10 Series 5 Episode 175
00:00:10 --> 00:00:11 Back to our
00:00:11 --> 00:00:14 Anna: regular weekday format after Saturday's
00:00:14 --> 00:00:16 weekend wrap. And it turns out one of the
00:00:16 --> 00:00:18 things we flagged as Watch this space over
00:00:18 --> 00:00:21 the weekend has already resolved. China's
00:00:21 --> 00:00:23 Chang' E7 launch. The one with the window
00:00:23 --> 00:00:24 opening today,
00:00:24 --> 00:00:26 Avery: the one that could have gone up literally
00:00:26 --> 00:00:27 this morning.
00:00:27 --> 00:00:30 Anna: Could have, didn't. We'll tell you why,
00:00:30 --> 00:00:33 and why the fix isn't as simple as just
00:00:33 --> 00:00:34 trying again tomorrow.
00:00:34 --> 00:00:37 Avery: Then a, uh, follow up on Thursday's big
00:00:37 --> 00:00:39 landspace story. Turns out sticking the
00:00:39 --> 00:00:41 landing wasn't quite the end of that one
00:00:41 --> 00:00:41 either.
00:00:42 --> 00:00:45 Anna: Plus, SpaceX quietly ticks over a
00:00:45 --> 00:00:47 big round number. And there's a comment worth
00:00:47 --> 00:00:49 pointing your binoculars at tonight. If the
00:00:49 --> 00:00:51 sky's clear, let's get into it.
00:00:51 --> 00:00:54 Avery: And kicking things off. So this is the
00:00:54 --> 00:00:56 mission we spent most of Saturday's episode
00:00:56 --> 00:00:58 on, the four vehicle hopper and lander
00:00:58 --> 00:01:01 expedition to Shackleton Crater. Where does
00:01:01 --> 00:01:03 it actually stand as of this morning?
00:01:03 --> 00:01:06 Anna: Grounded. At least for now. The launch window
00:01:06 --> 00:01:09 for Chang' E 7 opened today, August
00:01:09 --> 00:01:11 24, and ran through the 31st. And there
00:01:11 --> 00:01:14 was real momentum toward an early attempt.
00:01:14 --> 00:01:16 The rocket had already rolled out to the pad
00:01:16 --> 00:01:19 at wenchang on the 19th, but over the
00:01:19 --> 00:01:22 weekend a, uh, tropical system reported as
00:01:22 --> 00:01:24 tropical depression in some accounts.
00:01:24 --> 00:01:27 Tropical Storm Nara formed over the Gulf of
00:01:27 --> 00:01:29 Tonkin and threatened the launch site on
00:01:29 --> 00:01:32 Hainan island with exactly the kind of
00:01:32 --> 00:01:34 weather you don't fly a long March 5th
00:01:34 --> 00:01:35 through.
00:01:35 --> 00:01:37 Avery: So it's a straightforward weather scrub.
00:01:38 --> 00:01:40 Anna: Weather's the headline reason, but it's not
00:01:40 --> 00:01:43 the whole story. Chinese state media via
00:01:43 --> 00:01:45 Xinhua also pointed to what's been described
00:01:45 --> 00:01:48 as a broader safety and reliability review.
00:01:48 --> 00:01:51 As part of the decision, the official line
00:01:51 --> 00:01:53 was that the mission does not meet the launch
00:01:53 --> 00:01:55 conditions and cannot be carried out within
00:01:55 --> 00:01:58 the scheduled window. Full stop. No new date
00:01:58 --> 00:01:59 attached.
00:01:59 --> 00:02:02 Avery: No new date at all. That seems like a big
00:02:02 --> 00:02:03 mission to leave hanging.
00:02:03 --> 00:02:06 Anna: It's deliberate vagueness rather than an
00:02:06 --> 00:02:08 unknown, though. And this is the part that's
00:02:08 --> 00:02:10 actually the more interesting story here.
00:02:10 --> 00:02:12 You'd think we missed our window because of
00:02:12 --> 00:02:15 weather. Means try again in a few days once
00:02:15 --> 00:02:17 the storm clears. For most rockets, that's
00:02:17 --> 00:02:20 exactly right. Chang' E7 isn't most
00:02:20 --> 00:02:21 rockets.
00:02:21 --> 00:02:22 Avery: Why not?
00:02:23 --> 00:02:25 Anna: Because it's not just going to orbit. It's
00:02:25 --> 00:02:27 targeting a, uh, landing on the rim of
00:02:27 --> 00:02:29 Shackleton Crater right at the lunar south
00:02:29 --> 00:02:32 pole. And that site needs very specific
00:02:32 --> 00:02:34 sun angles for the landing to even be
00:02:34 --> 00:02:37 possible on top of the orbital geometry
00:02:37 --> 00:02:39 needed to get there in the first place.
00:02:39 --> 00:02:42 Independent trajectory analysis from the
00:02:42 --> 00:02:45 outlet China and space, cross referenced with
00:02:45 --> 00:02:47 the kind of orbital mechanics reasoning we've
00:02:47 --> 00:02:49 seen from other lunar polar missions, puts
00:02:49 --> 00:02:52 the next realistic opportunity at about a,
00:02:52 --> 00:02:55 uh, month out, sometime in the second half of
00:02:55 --> 00:02:55 September.
00:02:56 --> 00:02:58 Avery: A month for a few days of bad weather
00:02:58 --> 00:03:01 that feels disproportionate until you explain
00:03:01 --> 00:03:02 it properly.
00:03:02 --> 00:03:05 Anna: It does. And the reason is that polar lunar
00:03:05 --> 00:03:07 missions get much narrower, much less
00:03:07 --> 00:03:10 frequent windows than the equatorial missions
00:03:10 --> 00:03:12 China's flown before. You're not just waiting
00:03:12 --> 00:03:14 for the moon to be in the right place. You
00:03:14 --> 00:03:17 need the specific illumination geometry at
00:03:17 --> 00:03:20 Shackleton to line up too. And because the
00:03:20 --> 00:03:23 moon's roughly 18.6 year nodal
00:03:23 --> 00:03:25 cycle, that combination only recurs for
00:03:25 --> 00:03:28 about a week at a time, roughly once a month.
00:03:29 --> 00:03:31 And the geometry is gradually shifting as we
00:03:31 --> 00:03:34 head deeper into 2026 and
00:03:34 --> 00:03:35 2027.
00:03:35 --> 00:03:38 Avery: So miss this week and there genuinely isn't
00:03:38 --> 00:03:40 a just wait till Thursday option.
00:03:40 --> 00:03:43 Anna: Exactly. It's the trade off you accept for
00:03:43 --> 00:03:45 choosing the most scientifically interesting
00:03:45 --> 00:03:48 landing site on the moon instead of the
00:03:48 --> 00:03:48 easiest one.
00:03:49 --> 00:03:51 Avery: Any chance the cannot be carried out this
00:03:51 --> 00:03:54 year? Phrasing some outlets used actually
00:03:54 --> 00:03:56 means what it sounds like a delay into
00:03:56 --> 00:03:57
00:03:58 --> 00:04:00 Anna: worth flagging because a couple of the wire
00:04:00 --> 00:04:03 summaries do use language that reads that way
00:04:03 --> 00:04:05 in translation. But the more detailed
00:04:05 --> 00:04:08 reporting we've seen, including the Thailand
00:04:08 --> 00:04:10 based National Astronomical Research
00:04:10 --> 00:04:12 Institute's comment that the next viable
00:04:12 --> 00:04:15 window is at the earliest about a month
00:04:15 --> 00:04:18 away, lines up with a September target,
00:04:18 --> 00:04:21 not a multi year slip. We'd read
00:04:21 --> 00:04:23 this year there as referring to this
00:04:23 --> 00:04:25 specific launch attempt inside
00:04:25 --> 00:04:28 2026's calendar of windows. Not a
00:04:28 --> 00:04:31 delay out of 2026 entirely.
00:04:31 --> 00:04:33 We'll keep tracking it and correct that if
00:04:33 --> 00:04:35 firmer reporting says otherwise.
00:04:36 --> 00:04:38 Avery: So, grounded by weather, kept grounded by
00:04:38 --> 00:04:41 orbital mechanics and probably back on the
00:04:41 --> 00:04:44 Anna: pad next month, that's where it stands.
00:04:44 --> 00:04:46 The mission itself hasn't changed. Still the
00:04:46 --> 00:04:49 hopper, still the ice hunt, still the most
00:04:49 --> 00:04:52 ambitious lunar mission ever attempted by any
00:04:52 --> 00:04:55 nation, per Brown University's James Head.
00:04:55 --> 00:04:57 It's just going to keep us waiting a little
00:04:57 --> 00:04:58 longer than we thought.
00:04:58 --> 00:05:01 Avery: On Saturday we did say to watch
00:05:01 --> 00:05:01 this space.
00:05:02 --> 00:05:04 Anna: We meant it more literally than expected.
00:05:05 --> 00:05:07 Avery: Alright, next one's a genuine.
00:05:07 --> 00:05:10 The rest of the story follow up Thursday we
00:05:10 --> 00:05:12 told you Landspace had stuck the landing on
00:05:12 --> 00:05:15 UK3's first stage. A, uh, big first for
00:05:15 --> 00:05:18 Chinese commercial spaceflight. New reporting
00:05:18 --> 00:05:19 fills in what happened right after the
00:05:19 --> 00:05:20 cameras stopped rolling.
00:05:21 --> 00:05:23 Anna: It does. And to be clear up front, the
00:05:23 --> 00:05:26 landing itself really did succeed. On
00:05:26 --> 00:05:29 August 19, Chu Ke 3's booster came down
00:05:29 --> 00:05:31 on all four legs roughly
00:05:31 --> 00:05:33 390km downrange in
00:05:33 --> 00:05:36 Gansu Province, close to dead center on
00:05:36 --> 00:05:39 its pad about eight minutes after liftoff
00:05:39 --> 00:05:41 from the Dongfeng Commercial Space Innovation
00:05:41 --> 00:05:44 Pilot Zone. That part of the story stands
00:05:44 --> 00:05:46 exactly as we reported it.
00:05:47 --> 00:05:48 Avery: So what's new?
00:05:48 --> 00:05:51 Anna: What happened next? According to NASA
00:05:51 --> 00:05:53 Spaceflight's reporting, residual liquid
00:05:53 --> 00:05:56 methane and oxygen left in the booster
00:05:56 --> 00:05:58 ignited near its base shortly after
00:05:58 --> 00:06:01 touchdown, and the resulting fire damaged one
00:06:01 --> 00:06:03 of the four carbon fiber composite landing
00:06:03 --> 00:06:06 legs. That leg failed structurally and the
00:06:06 --> 00:06:07 booster toppled over.
00:06:08 --> 00:06:10 Avery: So the rocket that uh, just made history
00:06:10 --> 00:06:13 didn't survive the moment after making it.
00:06:13 --> 00:06:15 Anna: M. Right. And there's actually an added
00:06:15 --> 00:06:17 wrinkle on how big a first this was.
00:06:18 --> 00:06:20 NASA Spaceflight frames this as China's
00:06:20 --> 00:06:23 first successful land based recovery of
00:06:23 --> 00:06:26 orbital class booster using landing legs
00:06:26 --> 00:06:29 full stop across the entire country's launch
00:06:29 --> 00:06:31 industry, not just among private companies.
00:06:32 --> 00:06:34 That's a slightly bigger claim than the first
00:06:34 --> 00:06:37 private Chinese company framing we used
00:06:37 --> 00:06:40 Thursday because China's other recent booster
00:06:40 --> 00:06:42 recovery success, The Chong Zang 10B
00:06:42 --> 00:06:45 in July, used a net catch method at C
00:06:45 --> 00:06:48 rather than legs. Both framings are accurate,
00:06:48 --> 00:06:50 they're just measuring slightly different
00:06:50 --> 00:06:51 firsts.
00:06:52 --> 00:06:54 Avery: Does the fire undo, um, any of that?
00:06:54 --> 00:06:56 Anna: Not really. And this is worth sitting with
00:06:56 --> 00:06:58 for a second rather than just calling it bad
00:06:58 --> 00:07:01 news. A post landing fire that damages the
00:07:01 --> 00:07:04 vehicle is a, uh, genuinely different failure
00:07:04 --> 00:07:07 mode than crashing on the way down, which is
00:07:07 --> 00:07:09 exactly what happened to Q3's first flight
00:07:09 --> 00:07:12 back in December. The hard part, actually
00:07:12 --> 00:07:15 sticking a controlled propulsive landing on
00:07:15 --> 00:07:18 legs worked. What they lost afterwards is
00:07:18 --> 00:07:21 a refueling and inspection problem, not a
00:07:21 --> 00:07:22 guidance and control problem.
00:07:23 --> 00:07:24 Avery: Has, uh, this happened to anyone else?
00:07:25 --> 00:07:28 Anna: It has. And recently SpaceX's own
00:07:28 --> 00:07:30 Falcon 9 booster B1086
00:07:30 --> 00:07:33 suffered a very similar post landing fire on
00:07:33 --> 00:07:36 a drone ship back in March 2025. And
00:07:36 --> 00:07:39 it also toppled over. Nobody looks at that
00:07:39 --> 00:07:41 and says SpaceX doesn't know how to land
00:07:41 --> 00:07:44 rockets. It's part of the unglamorous back
00:07:44 --> 00:07:47 half of reusability. Venting, or safely
00:07:47 --> 00:07:49 burning off leftover propellant after
00:07:49 --> 00:07:51 touchdown is its own engineering problem
00:07:52 --> 00:07:54 separate from the landing itself. And it's
00:07:54 --> 00:07:57 one every methane fueled reusable booster
00:07:57 --> 00:07:59 program is still working through.
00:07:59 --> 00:08:02 Avery: So Landspace's own line from Thursday
00:08:02 --> 00:08:05 moving towards the engineering application
00:08:05 --> 00:08:07 phase of reusability still holds up.
00:08:08 --> 00:08:10 Anna: If anything, this is what that phase actually
00:08:10 --> 00:08:13 looks like. In practice, it's not. We've
00:08:13 --> 00:08:16 solved reusability. It's we solved
00:08:16 --> 00:08:19 the hardest 90% and now we're finding
00:08:19 --> 00:08:21 all the smaller problems that come with
00:08:21 --> 00:08:24 trying to make it routine. Expect post
00:08:24 --> 00:08:26 landing safing procedures to be exactly what
00:08:26 --> 00:08:29 landspace engineers are working on before the
00:08:29 --> 00:08:29 next flight.
00:08:30 --> 00:08:32 Avery: A real update, not a walk back.
00:08:33 --> 00:08:33 Anna: Exactly that.
00:08:34 --> 00:08:36 Finally, a quick one to round out the news
00:08:36 --> 00:08:39 Friday night, SpaceX flew its 100th
00:08:39 --> 00:08:41 Falcon rocket mission of the year.
00:08:42 --> 00:08:43 Avery: Hundred already with a third of the year
00:08:43 --> 00:08:44 stood to go.
00:08:44 --> 00:08:47 Anna: The launch itself was routine by SpaceX's
00:08:47 --> 00:08:50 standards. 27 Starlink satellites
00:08:50 --> 00:08:53 off a Falcon 9 from Vandenberg Space Force
00:08:53 --> 00:08:56 Base in California, deploying on schedule
00:08:56 --> 00:08:59 about 62 minutes after liftoff. The
00:08:59 --> 00:09:01 booster, flying its ninth mission, landed
00:09:01 --> 00:09:04 cleanly on a drone ship in the Pacific, but
00:09:04 --> 00:09:07 the number's the story. 99 of those
00:09:07 --> 00:09:09 100 launches this year have been Falcon
00:09:09 --> 00:09:12 9s, with the other a, uh, Falcon Heavy flight
00:09:12 --> 00:09:13 back in April.
00:09:14 --> 00:09:15 Avery: And Starlink's obviously doing a lot of the
00:09:15 --> 00:09:16 lifting there.
00:09:17 --> 00:09:20 Anna: 76 of the year's 99 Falcon
00:09:20 --> 00:09:22 9 flights have been dedicated Starlink
00:09:22 --> 00:09:25 missions, and the Constellation itself has
00:09:25 --> 00:09:28 now crossed 11 operational
00:09:28 --> 00:09:30 satellites in orbit. For comparison,
00:09:30 --> 00:09:33 SpaceX's full year record is
00:09:33 --> 00:09:35 165 launches set last year.
00:09:36 --> 00:09:38 So there's still real ground to cover before
00:09:38 --> 00:09:40 this year could challenge that. But triple
00:09:40 --> 00:09:43 digits by late August is still a serious
00:09:43 --> 00:09:44 cadence.
00:09:44 --> 00:09:46 Avery: No signs of easing off?
00:09:46 --> 00:09:47 Anna: None at all.
00:09:47 --> 00:09:49 Avery: Alright, what should people go look at
00:09:49 --> 00:09:50 tonight?
00:09:50 --> 00:09:53 Anna: Grab binoculars if you've got them, because
00:09:53 --> 00:09:56 Comet 220PMcNaught is doing
00:09:56 --> 00:09:59 something unusual. It's today's astronomy
00:09:59 --> 00:10:01 picture of the day, and for good reason. This
00:10:01 --> 00:10:04 periodic comet, which orbits the sun
00:10:04 --> 00:10:07 roughly every five years out between Mars and
00:10:07 --> 00:10:09 Jupiter, has gone through two separate
00:10:09 --> 00:10:12 outbursts this year, brightening by something
00:10:12 --> 00:10:15 like 20 times its normal level.
00:10:15 --> 00:10:18 Avery: 20 times? What does that actually mean
00:10:18 --> 00:10:19 for someone trying to spot it?
00:10:20 --> 00:10:22 Anna: Normally you'd need a telescope to see
00:10:22 --> 00:10:25 220p at all. Right now, thanks
00:10:25 --> 00:10:27 to the outburst, it's within reach of
00:10:27 --> 00:10:30 binoculars and photographs beautifully in
00:10:30 --> 00:10:33 long exposure shots. One of today's featured
00:10:33 --> 00:10:36 images was taken from South Africa, so it's
00:10:36 --> 00:10:38 a solidly southern hemisphere friendly target
00:10:38 --> 00:10:40 for anyone listening from down here.
00:10:41 --> 00:10:43 Avery: What are we actually looking at visually?
00:10:43 --> 00:10:46 Anna: A distinctive bright green head. That
00:10:46 --> 00:10:49 color comes from diatomic carmine molecules
00:10:49 --> 00:10:52 fluorescing in sunlight with a short dust
00:10:52 --> 00:10:55 tail trailing off. Nobody's actually certain
00:10:55 --> 00:10:57 what's causing the outbursts. The leading
00:10:57 --> 00:11:00 guesses are a sudden release of built up
00:11:00 --> 00:11:03 subsurface gas or something like a
00:11:03 --> 00:11:05 comet quake cracking open fresh icy
00:11:05 --> 00:11:07 material to the sunlight.
00:11:07 --> 00:11:10 Avery: How long does the window last, not forever.
00:11:10 --> 00:11:13 Anna: The comet expected to pass about one Earth
00:11:13 --> 00:11:15 sun distance from us in October, and
00:11:15 --> 00:11:18 brightness should drop off fairly quickly
00:11:18 --> 00:11:20 after that. So if you want to catch it near
00:11:20 --> 00:11:23 its best, the next few weeks are the time
00:11:23 --> 00:11:24 and, um, the bigger
00:11:24 --> 00:11:26 Avery: one on the calendar. That partial lunar
00:11:26 --> 00:11:27 eclipse we mentioned Friday
00:11:28 --> 00:11:31 Anna: still on for this week, the night of the 27th
00:11:31 --> 00:11:33 into the 28th, covering a full
00:11:33 --> 00:11:36 96% of the moon's face. About
00:11:36 --> 00:11:39 as close to total as a partial eclipse gets
00:11:39 --> 00:11:41 without crossing the line. We'll have full
00:11:41 --> 00:11:44 local viewing times as it gets closer, but
00:11:44 --> 00:11:46 it's worth penciling in now.
00:11:46 --> 00:11:49 Avery: A comet tonight, an almost total eclipse by
00:11:49 --> 00:11:51 the weekend. Good few days to keep looking
00:11:51 --> 00:11:51 up.
00:11:52 --> 00:11:52 Anna: That's the job.
00:11:53 --> 00:11:56 And that's it for Today's episode, episode
00:11:56 --> 00:11:58 175 of series five in the
00:11:58 --> 00:11:59 books.
00:11:59 --> 00:12:01 Avery: Quick recap. China's Chang' e 7 launch
00:12:01 --> 00:12:04 slips by about a month, thanks to weather and
00:12:04 --> 00:12:06 the Moon's unforgiving, um, polar landing
00:12:06 --> 00:12:09 geometry. Landspace's historic
00:12:09 --> 00:12:11 Z3 landing turns out to have ended in a post
00:12:11 --> 00:12:14 landing fire and tip over. SpaceX
00:12:14 --> 00:12:17 quietly notches its 100th launch of the
00:12:17 --> 00:12:20 year, and there's a binocular friendly comet
00:12:20 --> 00:12:22 and outburst tonight, plus an almost total
00:12:22 --> 00:12:24 lunar eclipse coming this week.
00:12:24 --> 00:12:27 Anna: If you enjoyed the show, the best thing you
00:12:27 --> 00:12:30 can do is tell a friend. Leave us a rating
00:12:30 --> 00:12:32 wherever you listen and follow us. Just
00:12:32 --> 00:12:34 search AstroDailyPod Daily Pod on your
00:12:34 --> 00:12:37 favorite platform. Full show notes and links
00:12:37 --> 00:12:40 are always up at astronomydaily IO
00:12:40 --> 00:12:43 and while there, take a moment to sign up for
00:12:43 --> 00:12:45 our daily Space and Astronomy News
00:12:45 --> 00:12:46 newsletter. It's free.
00:12:47 --> 00:12:49 Avery: We'll be back tomorrow with more from across
00:12:49 --> 00:12:50 the universe.
00:12:50 --> 00:12:52 Anna: Until then, keep looking up.
00:12:52 --> 00:12:55 Avery: See you next time. Clear skies, everyone.