Astronomy Daily - the Podcast: S03E214
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your go-to source for the latest updates in space exploration and astronomical wonders. I'm your host, Anna. Today, we have an exhilarating lineup of stories that take us from ancient Martian landscapes to cosmic collisions and groundbreaking human spaceflight developments.
Highlights:
- Martian Hot Water Discovery : Dive into the groundbreaking revelation of hot water on Mars over 4.45 billion years ago, discovered through the study of the Martian meteorite Black Buddy. Learn how this finding suggests the presence of ancient hydrothermal systems that could have been ideal for the emergence of life.
- Blue Origin Milestones : Celebrate Blue Origin's remarkable achievements, including the historic placement of the New Glenn rocket on the launch pad and the successful 28th flight of New Shepard, marking Emily Calandrelli as the 100th woman to reach space.
- Astronaut Cognitive Research : Explore the largest study on cognitive performance in astronauts, revealing insights into how space travel affects cognitive abilities and the resilience of the human brain during extended missions aboard the International Space Station.
- Stefan's Quintet Collision : Witness the dramatic galaxy collision at Stefan's Quintet, where galaxy NGC7318B speeds through the cluster, creating shockwaves and providing a unique opportunity to study galaxy evolution and cosmic interactions.
- Mysterious Black Hole Light Bursts : Delve into the intriguing discovery of a pair of massive black holes in Cygnus, emitting regular bursts of light as they consume a massive gas cloud, offering new insights into black hole behavior and interactions.
- China's Inflatable Space Module : Discover China's successful test of their first inflatable space module during the Shijian 19 mission, showcasing advancements in space technology and potential applications for future space stations and deep space missions.
For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io (https://www.astronomydaily.io) . Sign up for our free Daily newsletter to stay informed on all things space. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, Tumblr, and TikTok . Share your thoughts and connect with fellow space enthusiasts.
Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support (https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-the-podcast--5648921/support) .
✍️ Episode References
Black Buddy meteorite
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWA_7034
Blue Origin
https://www.blueorigin.com/
New Glenn rocket
https://www.blueorigin.com/new-glenn/
Emily Calandrelli
https://www.thespacegal.com/
International Space Station
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/main/index.html
Stefan's Quintet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%27s_Quintet
William Herschel Telescope
https://www.ing.iac.es/astronomy/telescopes/wht/
James Webb Space Telescope
https://webb.nasa.gov/
Zwicky Transient Facility
https://www.ztf.caltech.edu/
China Academy of Space Technology
http://www.cast.cn/
Episode link: https://play.headliner.app/episode/24243930?utm_source=youtube
00:00:00 --> 00:00:02 welcome to astronomy daily your source
00:00:02 --> 00:00:05 for the latest space and astronomy news
00:00:05 --> 00:00:07 I'm your host Anna and today we've got
00:00:07 --> 00:00:09 an exciting lineup of stories from Mars
00:00:09 --> 00:00:11 to black holes and some fascinating
00:00:11 --> 00:00:14 developments in human space flight so
00:00:14 --> 00:00:15 let's get straight into
00:00:15 --> 00:00:18 it in an exciting discovery that sheds
00:00:18 --> 00:00:20 new light on Mars's ancient past
00:00:20 --> 00:00:22 scientists have found compelling
00:00:22 --> 00:00:24 evidence of hot water existing on the
00:00:24 --> 00:00:27 red planet over 4.45 billion years ago
00:00:27 --> 00:00:29 this groundbreaking finding comes from
00:00:29 --> 00:00:31 analyzing a unique Martian meteorite
00:00:31 --> 00:00:33 known as Black Beauty which was
00:00:33 --> 00:00:35 discovered in the western Sahara desert
00:00:35 --> 00:00:38 in 2011 the meteorite officially called
00:00:38 --> 00:00:40 NWA
00:00:40 --> 00:00:42 734 contains the most water of any
00:00:42 --> 00:00:45 Martian meteorite ever found on Earth by
00:00:45 --> 00:00:47 studying a tiny grain of zircon within
00:00:47 --> 00:00:49 the meteorite researchers at curtain
00:00:50 --> 00:00:52 University discovered clear chemical
00:00:52 --> 00:00:54 signatures indicating the presence of
00:00:54 --> 00:00:56 water-rich fluids during a time of
00:00:56 --> 00:00:58 significant volcanic activity on early
00:00:58 --> 00:01:00 Mars
00:01:00 --> 00:01:02 what makes this discovery particularly
00:01:02 --> 00:01:04 significant is that these ancient
00:01:04 --> 00:01:06 hydrothermal systems could have provided
00:01:06 --> 00:01:09 ideal conditions for life to potentially
00:01:09 --> 00:01:12 emerge the temperatures of these systems
00:01:12 --> 00:01:15 might have ranged from 100 to 600° C
00:01:15 --> 00:01:17 similar to the deep ocean hydrothermal
00:01:18 --> 00:01:21 vents we find on Earth today the Black
00:01:21 --> 00:01:23 Beauty meteorite is particularly special
00:01:23 --> 00:01:25 because it's essentially a sample of
00:01:25 --> 00:01:28 Mars's surface soil containing hundreds
00:01:28 --> 00:01:29 of rock and mineral fragments from VAR
00:01:29 --> 00:01:31 ious regions of the planet it's like
00:01:31 --> 00:01:34 having a geological Buffet of Mars right
00:01:34 --> 00:01:36 here on earth scientists believe this
00:01:36 --> 00:01:38 rock was ejected from Mars's surface
00:01:38 --> 00:01:41 about 1.5 billion years ago before
00:01:41 --> 00:01:42 eventually making its way to Earth
00:01:42 --> 00:01:46 between 5 and 10 million years ago while
00:01:46 --> 00:01:47 we've known for some time that Mars once
00:01:47 --> 00:01:50 had liquid water much of the evidence
00:01:50 --> 00:01:51 suggested the planet was too cold to
00:01:51 --> 00:01:54 maintain it for long periods however
00:01:54 --> 00:01:56 this new Research indicates that
00:01:56 --> 00:01:58 hydrothermal systems driven by volcanic
00:01:58 --> 00:02:01 activity and possibly meteorite impacts
00:02:01 --> 00:02:04 could have created warm wet environments
00:02:04 --> 00:02:07 that persisted for tens of millions of
00:02:07 --> 00:02:10 years or longer during Mars's earliest
00:02:10 --> 00:02:12 history it's been a landmark week for
00:02:13 --> 00:02:14 blue origin with the company achieving
00:02:14 --> 00:02:16 two major Milestones that Mark
00:02:16 --> 00:02:18 significant steps forward in both their
00:02:18 --> 00:02:21 orbital and suborbital space programs in
00:02:21 --> 00:02:23 a historic first blue origin has
00:02:23 --> 00:02:25 successfully placed their fully
00:02:25 --> 00:02:27 integrated new Glenn rocket on the
00:02:27 --> 00:02:29 Launchpad at Cape canaval space force
00:02:29 --> 00:02:30 station
00:02:30 --> 00:02:33 this massive vehicle standing 98 M tall
00:02:33 --> 00:02:35 now sits on a steel launch table
00:02:35 --> 00:02:38 weighing 1.7 million pounds while the
00:02:38 --> 00:02:40 company hasn't announced a specific
00:02:40 --> 00:02:41 launch date they're preparing for a
00:02:41 --> 00:02:43 crucial static fire test that will be
00:02:43 --> 00:02:45 the first time they fuel up a complete
00:02:45 --> 00:02:48 flight ready new Glenn rocket the
00:02:48 --> 00:02:50 initial Mission will carry Blue Origins
00:02:50 --> 00:02:52 Innovative blue ring technology designed
00:02:52 --> 00:02:54 to provide comprehensive space services
00:02:54 --> 00:02:57 including hosting Transportation
00:02:57 --> 00:03:00 refueling and data relay capabilities
00:03:00 --> 00:03:02 this represents a significant step
00:03:02 --> 00:03:04 toward the company's vision of making
00:03:04 --> 00:03:06 space more accessible for various
00:03:06 --> 00:03:08 operations in parallel with this
00:03:08 --> 00:03:10 achievement blue origin celebrated
00:03:10 --> 00:03:13 another Milestone with their suborbital
00:03:13 --> 00:03:15 program successfully completing their
00:03:15 --> 00:03:18 28th new Shepherd flight this Mission
00:03:18 --> 00:03:19 designated
00:03:19 --> 00:03:22 ns28 made history by carrying Emily
00:03:22 --> 00:03:24 candelli known as the space gal who
00:03:24 --> 00:03:26 became the 100th woman to cross the
00:03:26 --> 00:03:30 boundary of space candelli and AOS Space
00:03:30 --> 00:03:32 Engineer and science Communicator
00:03:32 --> 00:03:34 experienced approximately 3 minutes of
00:03:34 --> 00:03:35 weightlessness during the 10-minute
00:03:35 --> 00:03:38 flight Upon returning she described the
00:03:38 --> 00:03:39 profound experience of seeing Earth from
00:03:39 --> 00:03:42 space comparing the emotional impact to
00:03:42 --> 00:03:43 that of seeing her children for the
00:03:43 --> 00:03:46 first time the flight also carried five
00:03:46 --> 00:03:48 other passengers including Sharon and
00:03:48 --> 00:03:51 Mark Hegel who made their second journey
00:03:51 --> 00:03:53 to space aboard new Shephard the mission
00:03:53 --> 00:03:55 showcased blue Origins continuing
00:03:55 --> 00:03:57 commitment to both advancing space
00:03:57 --> 00:03:59 technology and making space more
00:03:59 --> 00:04:02 accessible to a broader range of
00:04:02 --> 00:04:05 people let's change Pace now in a
00:04:05 --> 00:04:07 fascinating new study researchers have
00:04:07 --> 00:04:09 uncovered important insights into how
00:04:09 --> 00:04:11 spending time in space affects
00:04:11 --> 00:04:14 astronauts cognitive abilities the
00:04:14 --> 00:04:16 research which represents the largest
00:04:16 --> 00:04:18 data set of cognitive performance
00:04:18 --> 00:04:19 measurements from professional
00:04:19 --> 00:04:22 astronauts ever published focused on 25
00:04:22 --> 00:04:24 astronauts during their approximately
00:04:24 --> 00:04:27 six month stays aboard the International
00:04:27 --> 00:04:30 Space Station while in space astronauts
00:04:30 --> 00:04:32 face unique challenges that our bodies
00:04:32 --> 00:04:34 never encounter on Earth from
00:04:34 --> 00:04:36 microgravity and increased radiation
00:04:36 --> 00:04:39 exposure to demanding work schedules and
00:04:39 --> 00:04:42 disrupted sleep patterns despite these
00:04:42 --> 00:04:44 extraordinary conditions the study found
00:04:44 --> 00:04:46 that astronauts maintained impressive
00:04:46 --> 00:04:47 cognitive
00:04:47 --> 00:04:49 resilience the researchers discovered
00:04:49 --> 00:04:51 that while astronauts took longer to
00:04:51 --> 00:04:53 complete certain tasks involving
00:04:53 --> 00:04:55 processing speed working memory and
00:04:55 --> 00:04:57 attention their accuracy remained
00:04:57 --> 00:05:00 unchanged interestingly these effects
00:05:00 --> 00:05:02 weren't uniform across all cognitive
00:05:02 --> 00:05:05 functions changes in attention were only
00:05:05 --> 00:05:07 observed early in the missions while
00:05:07 --> 00:05:10 slower processing speeds persisted until
00:05:10 --> 00:05:13 after the astronauts returned to Earth
00:05:13 --> 00:05:14 perhaps most reassuringly the study
00:05:15 --> 00:05:16 found no evidence of lasting cognitive
00:05:17 --> 00:05:19 impairment or neurodegenerative decline
00:05:19 --> 00:05:22 after 6 months in Space the temporary
00:05:22 --> 00:05:24 changes observed were similar to what we
00:05:24 --> 00:05:26 might experience on Earth during periods
00:05:26 --> 00:05:28 of stress or sleep
00:05:28 --> 00:05:30 deprivation this resear Arch has
00:05:30 --> 00:05:32 important implications for future space
00:05:32 --> 00:05:34 exploration particularly as we look
00:05:34 --> 00:05:36 toward longer missions to the moon and
00:05:36 --> 00:05:38 Mars understanding how the human brain
00:05:39 --> 00:05:41 adapts to the space environment will be
00:05:41 --> 00:05:42 crucial for supporting astronaut
00:05:42 --> 00:05:44 performance and well-being during these
00:05:44 --> 00:05:46 extended Journeys into the final
00:05:46 --> 00:05:49 frontier the findings also provide a
00:05:49 --> 00:05:51 valuable Baseline for comparing future
00:05:51 --> 00:05:53 studies especially as we begin to
00:05:53 --> 00:05:55 venture deeper into space where
00:05:55 --> 00:05:57 increased radiation exposure and
00:05:57 --> 00:05:59 extended communication delays could POS
00:05:59 --> 00:06:02 additional challenges to cognitive
00:06:02 --> 00:06:05 function some astronomy news now in an
00:06:05 --> 00:06:07 extraordinary astronomical observation
00:06:07 --> 00:06:09 scientists have witnessed one of the
00:06:09 --> 00:06:11 most dramatic Galaxy collisions ever
00:06:11 --> 00:06:13 recorded occurring at a cosmic
00:06:13 --> 00:06:15 Crossroads known as stefon's quintet
00:06:15 --> 00:06:17 using the powerful William hersel
00:06:17 --> 00:06:20 telescope in L Palma Spain researchers
00:06:20 --> 00:06:23 observed Galaxy NGC
00:06:23 --> 00:06:25 738b tearing through this Galactic
00:06:25 --> 00:06:27 grouping at the astounding speed of over
00:06:27 --> 00:06:30 2 million mph that's roughly 800 times
00:06:30 --> 00:06:33 faster than an SR71 Blackbird jet
00:06:33 --> 00:06:35 fighter this violent Cosmic Encounter
00:06:35 --> 00:06:37 has created a massive shock wave that
00:06:38 --> 00:06:39 has essentially reawakened this
00:06:39 --> 00:06:42 previously peaceful cluster of galaxies
00:06:42 --> 00:06:44 the Collision site represents a complex
00:06:44 --> 00:06:46 field of debris from previous Galactic
00:06:47 --> 00:06:49 mergers making it a fascinating
00:06:49 --> 00:06:51 laboratory for studying how galaxies
00:06:51 --> 00:06:53 like our own Milky Way are built up
00:06:53 --> 00:06:55 through Cosmic collisions over billions
00:06:55 --> 00:06:58 of years what makes this observation
00:06:58 --> 00:07:00 particularly intriguing is the Dual
00:07:00 --> 00:07:02 nature of the shock wave created by the
00:07:02 --> 00:07:04 Collision as it moves through pockets of
00:07:04 --> 00:07:07 cold gas at Hypersonic speeds it's
00:07:07 --> 00:07:09 powerful enough to strip electrons from
00:07:09 --> 00:07:11 atoms leaving behind a glowing trail of
00:07:11 --> 00:07:14 charged plasma however when the same
00:07:14 --> 00:07:15 shock wave encounters Hot Gas
00:07:15 --> 00:07:17 surrounding the Collision site it
00:07:17 --> 00:07:19 weakens and instead compresses the gas
00:07:19 --> 00:07:21 producing radio waves that astronomers
00:07:21 --> 00:07:23 can detect to capture the full scope of
00:07:23 --> 00:07:26 this Cosmic drama the research team
00:07:26 --> 00:07:27 combined observations from multiple
00:07:28 --> 00:07:30 instruments including the the James web
00:07:30 --> 00:07:32 Space Telescope and the lowf frequency
00:07:32 --> 00:07:34 array this comprehensive approach has
00:07:34 --> 00:07:36 provided unprecedented detail of the
00:07:36 --> 00:07:38 collision and its aftermath offering
00:07:38 --> 00:07:41 valuable insights into Galaxy Evolution
00:07:41 --> 00:07:43 and the fundamental processes that shape
00:07:43 --> 00:07:45 our universe this discovery represents
00:07:45 --> 00:07:47 more than just a spectacular Cosmic
00:07:47 --> 00:07:50 light show it's providing astronomers
00:07:50 --> 00:07:52 with a unique opportunity to study
00:07:52 --> 00:07:55 Galaxy evolution in action showing us
00:07:55 --> 00:07:57 how these massive Celestial structures
00:07:57 --> 00:07:59 interact and transform through violent
00:07:59 --> 00:08:02 encounters that unfold over millions of
00:08:02 --> 00:08:04 years and in a fascinating Discovery
00:08:05 --> 00:08:07 that's puzzling astronomers a pair of
00:08:07 --> 00:08:09 massive black holes has been spotted
00:08:09 --> 00:08:12 creating unusual bursts of light about a
00:08:12 --> 00:08:14 billion light years away in the
00:08:14 --> 00:08:16 constellation signis what makes this
00:08:16 --> 00:08:19 discovery particularly intriguing is
00:08:19 --> 00:08:21 that these light bursts appear to follow
00:08:21 --> 00:08:23 a regular pattern something we've never
00:08:23 --> 00:08:25 seen before in this type of system these
00:08:25 --> 00:08:27 Cosmic Giants are locked in an
00:08:27 --> 00:08:29 incredibly close orbital dance separated
00:08:29 --> 00:08:32 by just 16 billion miles a distance that
00:08:32 --> 00:08:35 light can cross in only a day they're
00:08:35 --> 00:08:36 completing their orbit around each other
00:08:36 --> 00:08:39 every 130 days and in the process
00:08:39 --> 00:08:42 they're putting on quite a show over the
00:08:42 --> 00:08:44 past 3 years these black holes have been
00:08:44 --> 00:08:46 feasting on what appears to be a massive
00:08:46 --> 00:08:48 gas cloud consuming the equivalent of
00:08:48 --> 00:08:51 about two times the mass of our sun the
00:08:51 --> 00:08:53 Story of this discovery begins back in
00:08:53 --> 00:08:56 March 2021 when an automated alert
00:08:56 --> 00:08:58 system at the zwicki transient facility
00:08:58 --> 00:09:00 in California
00:09:00 --> 00:09:03 first spotted these unusual emissions
00:09:03 --> 00:09:04 initially astronomers thought they were
00:09:04 --> 00:09:07 looking at a supernova but the repeated
00:09:07 --> 00:09:10 outbursts in 2022 suggested something
00:09:10 --> 00:09:12 else was at play what they observed was
00:09:12 --> 00:09:14 an m-shaped pattern in the data that
00:09:14 --> 00:09:17 kept showing up every 2 to 3 months
00:09:17 --> 00:09:19 something that couldn't be explained by
00:09:19 --> 00:09:22 either a supernova or typical black hole
00:09:22 --> 00:09:24 Behavior the current theory is that
00:09:24 --> 00:09:26 these black holes are tearing apart a
00:09:26 --> 00:09:28 massive gas cloud that crossed their
00:09:28 --> 00:09:30 path each time one of the black holes
00:09:30 --> 00:09:32 passes through this Cloud it creates
00:09:32 --> 00:09:35 these distinctive light bursts what's
00:09:35 --> 00:09:36 even more remarkable is that these
00:09:37 --> 00:09:39 Cosmic Giants are on a collision course
00:09:39 --> 00:09:41 astronomers predict they'll merge in
00:09:41 --> 00:09:43 about 70 years an event that will
00:09:43 --> 00:09:45 send ripples through the fabric of
00:09:45 --> 00:09:48 SpaceTime itself this discovery opens up
00:09:49 --> 00:09:50 new questions about how black holes
00:09:50 --> 00:09:52 interact with their environment and with
00:09:52 --> 00:09:55 each other it's yet another reminder
00:09:55 --> 00:09:57 that even after centuries of
00:09:57 --> 00:09:59 astronomical observations the Universe
00:09:59 --> 00:10:01 still has plenty of surprises in store
00:10:01 --> 00:10:02 for
00:10:02 --> 00:10:06 us finally today China has achieved a
00:10:06 --> 00:10:07 significant milestone in their space
00:10:07 --> 00:10:10 program with the successful test of
00:10:10 --> 00:10:12 their first inflatable space module
00:10:12 --> 00:10:15 during the recent shijian 19 Mission
00:10:15 --> 00:10:17 Chinese Engineers quietly conducted this
00:10:17 --> 00:10:19 groundbreaking experiment demonstrating
00:10:19 --> 00:10:21 their growing capabilities in advanced
00:10:21 --> 00:10:24 space technology the Innovative module
00:10:24 --> 00:10:26 developed by the China Academy of space
00:10:26 --> 00:10:28 technology features a unique design that
00:10:28 --> 00:10:31 allows it to be launched in a compressed
00:10:31 --> 00:10:33 folded State and then inflated once in
00:10:33 --> 00:10:36 orbit this approach offers several
00:10:36 --> 00:10:38 advantages particularly in terms of
00:10:38 --> 00:10:40 weight savings and launch efficiency
00:10:40 --> 00:10:43 crucial factors in space exploration
00:10:43 --> 00:10:44 what makes this technology particularly
00:10:44 --> 00:10:47 promising is its potential applications
00:10:47 --> 00:10:50 for future space stations and deep space
00:10:50 --> 00:10:52 missions the module is constructed from
00:10:52 --> 00:10:55 flexible composite materials and
00:10:55 --> 00:10:57 underwent rigorous testing before launch
00:10:57 --> 00:10:59 including trials for air tightness
00:10:59 --> 00:11:02 debris impact resistance and performance
00:11:02 --> 00:11:04 under extreme pressure and temperature
00:11:04 --> 00:11:06 conditions this development puts China
00:11:07 --> 00:11:08 in the company of other space fairing
00:11:08 --> 00:11:11 Nations and private companies working on
00:11:11 --> 00:11:13 similar technology while organizations
00:11:14 --> 00:11:16 like NASA have already tested expandable
00:11:16 --> 00:11:17 modules on the International Space
00:11:17 --> 00:11:20 Station China's success with their own
00:11:20 --> 00:11:23 version represents a significant step
00:11:23 --> 00:11:25 forward in their space capabilities the
00:11:25 --> 00:11:27 test was part of the broader shijian 19
00:11:27 --> 00:11:30 Mission which returned safely to Earth
00:11:30 --> 00:11:32 in October after completing its
00:11:32 --> 00:11:34 objectives while the exact size and
00:11:34 --> 00:11:36 specifications of the module haven't
00:11:36 --> 00:11:38 been disclosed this achievement suggests
00:11:39 --> 00:11:40 China is actively working toward
00:11:40 --> 00:11:42 expanding their space presence
00:11:42 --> 00:11:44 potentially incorporating this
00:11:44 --> 00:11:45 technology into future additions to
00:11:45 --> 00:11:48 their Chiang gong space
00:11:48 --> 00:11:50 station and that brings us to the end of
00:11:50 --> 00:11:53 today's episode of astronomy daily the
00:11:53 --> 00:11:54 universe never ceases to amaze us with
00:11:55 --> 00:11:57 its wonders from ancient Martian Waters
00:11:57 --> 00:11:59 to colliding galaxies and expanding
00:11:59 --> 00:12:01 Horizons in human space flight if you
00:12:01 --> 00:12:03 want to stay up to date with all the
00:12:03 --> 00:12:04 latest developments in space and
00:12:04 --> 00:12:07 astronomy head over to astronomy
00:12:07 --> 00:12:10 daily. there you'll find our constantly
00:12:10 --> 00:12:12 updating Newsfeed all our previous
00:12:13 --> 00:12:15 episodes and you can sign up for our
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00:12:30 --> 00:12:33 behind the scenes glimpses into the
00:12:33 --> 00:12:34 world of
00:12:34 --> 00:12:37 astronomy I'm Anna thank you for
00:12:37 --> 00:12:39 spending time exploring the cosmos with
00:12:39 --> 00:12:42 me today until next time keep looking up
00:12:42 --> 00:12:44 and wondering about the Mysteries that
00:12:44 --> 00:12:46 await us Among the
00:12:46 --> 00:12:56 [Music]
00:12:56 --> 00:13:00 Stars St
00:13:00 --> 00:13:05 [Music]
00:13:05 --> 00:13:09 St told