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00:00:00 --> 00:00:02 welcome to astronomy daily your source
00:00:02 --> 00:00:04 for the latest space and astronomy news
00:00:04 --> 00:00:06 I'm Anna and today we're covering some
00:00:06 --> 00:00:08 fascinating stories from across the
00:00:08 --> 00:00:10 cosmos from groundbreaking research and
00:00:10 --> 00:00:13 alien life detection to massive Cosmic
00:00:13 --> 00:00:16 structures so let's get straight into
00:00:16 --> 00:00:18 it in an exciting development for the
00:00:18 --> 00:00:20 search for extraterrestrial life
00:00:20 --> 00:00:22 researchers in Germany have created a
00:00:22 --> 00:00:25 new and remarkably simple method that
00:00:25 --> 00:00:27 could revolutionize how we look for life
00:00:27 --> 00:00:30 on other planets the technique focuses
00:00:30 --> 00:00:32 on detecting movement in microorganisms
00:00:32 --> 00:00:34 specifically their attraction to certain
00:00:34 --> 00:00:37 chemicals a process known as chemotaxis
00:00:37 --> 00:00:39 the team tested their method on three
00:00:39 --> 00:00:41 different types of microbes two bacteria
00:00:41 --> 00:00:44 and one ARA using an amino acid called
00:00:44 --> 00:00:47 Els Serene as bait all three species
00:00:47 --> 00:00:48 showed clear movement toward the
00:00:49 --> 00:00:50 chemical which is particularly
00:00:50 --> 00:00:52 significant since these organisms were
00:00:52 --> 00:00:55 chosen for their ability to survive in
00:00:55 --> 00:00:57 extreme conditions similar to what we
00:00:57 --> 00:01:00 might find on Mars what makes this
00:01:00 --> 00:01:02 Discovery particularly promising is its
00:01:02 --> 00:01:05 Simplicity instead of requiring complex
00:01:05 --> 00:01:08 equipment the method uses a basic slide
00:01:08 --> 00:01:10 with two Chambers separated by a thin
00:01:10 --> 00:01:12 membrane microbes are placed on one side
00:01:13 --> 00:01:15 and Els Serene on the other if living
00:01:15 --> 00:01:17 organisms are present and capable of
00:01:17 --> 00:01:18 movement they'll naturally swim through
00:01:18 --> 00:01:20 the membrane toward the chemical the
00:01:20 --> 00:01:22 implications for future space missions
00:01:22 --> 00:01:25 are significant Els Serene is believed
00:01:25 --> 00:01:27 to exist on Mars and if Martian life
00:01:27 --> 00:01:29 shares any biochemical similarities with
00:01:29 --> 00:01:31 Earth life this method could provide a
00:01:32 --> 00:01:34 straightforward way to detect it while
00:01:34 --> 00:01:36 some modifications would be needed to
00:01:36 --> 00:01:38 make the system spaceworthy and
00:01:38 --> 00:01:40 automated the fundamental Simplicity of
00:01:40 --> 00:01:42 the approach makes it an attractive
00:01:42 --> 00:01:45 option for future missions this method
00:01:45 --> 00:01:46 could be particularly valuable for
00:01:46 --> 00:01:49 exploring places like Europa Jupiter's
00:01:49 --> 00:01:50 moon where we suspect there might be
00:01:50 --> 00:01:53 oceans that could Harbor Life by making
00:01:53 --> 00:01:55 life detection cheaper and faster future
00:01:56 --> 00:01:57 missions could achieve more with fewer
00:01:57 --> 00:02:00 resources potentially accelerating our
00:02:00 --> 00:02:01 search for life beyond
00:02:01 --> 00:02:04 Earth let's get a Mars update now a
00:02:04 --> 00:02:06 fascinating Discovery has emerged from
00:02:06 --> 00:02:08 Mars where scientists have uncovered
00:02:08 --> 00:02:11 what they're calling a seismic Highway
00:02:11 --> 00:02:13 deep within the red planet this finding
00:02:13 --> 00:02:15 comes from analyzing data from NASA's
00:02:15 --> 00:02:17 Insight Lander which has completely
00:02:17 --> 00:02:19 changed our understanding of how seismic
00:02:19 --> 00:02:21 waves travel through Mars by comparing
00:02:21 --> 00:02:24 Mars Quake data with impact craters
00:02:24 --> 00:02:25 identified by the Mars reconnaissance
00:02:25 --> 00:02:28 Orbiter researchers found something
00:02:28 --> 00:02:30 unexpected when meteoroids strike Mars
00:02:31 --> 00:02:33 they create seismic waves that travel
00:02:33 --> 00:02:34 much deeper into the planet than
00:02:34 --> 00:02:36 previously thought rather than being
00:02:36 --> 00:02:39 dampened by the crust as expected these
00:02:39 --> 00:02:41 waves appear to find a more direct route
00:02:41 --> 00:02:43 through the planet's mantle one
00:02:43 --> 00:02:45 particular impact crater measuring 71 ft
00:02:45 --> 00:02:48 in diameter proved especially revealing
00:02:48 --> 00:02:50 the seismic signals from this impact
00:02:50 --> 00:02:52 were detected at the curus fossy region
00:02:52 --> 00:02:54 over a thousand miles away from the
00:02:54 --> 00:02:57 impact site this remarkable distance far
00:02:57 --> 00:02:58 exceeded what scientists thought
00:02:58 --> 00:03:01 possible based on their existing models
00:03:01 --> 00:03:04 of Mars's interior structure the
00:03:04 --> 00:03:05 discovery is forcing scientists to
00:03:05 --> 00:03:07 reassess their understanding of Mars's
00:03:07 --> 00:03:10 composition and internal structure as
00:03:10 --> 00:03:12 one researcher put it they used to think
00:03:12 --> 00:03:14 most seismic energy was confined to
00:03:14 --> 00:03:16 traveling within the Martian crust
00:03:17 --> 00:03:19 instead they found this deeper faster
00:03:19 --> 00:03:21 pathway through the mantle allowing
00:03:21 --> 00:03:23 seismic signals to reach much more
00:03:23 --> 00:03:26 distant regions of the planet this
00:03:26 --> 00:03:27 breakthrough was made possible through
00:03:27 --> 00:03:29 the clever use of artificial
00:03:29 --> 00:03:30 intelligence
00:03:30 --> 00:03:32 scientists developed a machine learning
00:03:32 --> 00:03:35 algorithm that could quickly analyze
00:03:35 --> 00:03:36 tens of thousands of images from the
00:03:36 --> 00:03:39 Mars reconnaissance Orbiter identifying
00:03:39 --> 00:03:41 impact craters in a matter of days
00:03:41 --> 00:03:43 rather than the years it would have
00:03:43 --> 00:03:45 taken to do manually what's particularly
00:03:45 --> 00:03:48 exciting about this discovery is how it
00:03:48 --> 00:03:50 might help us better understand not just
00:03:50 --> 00:03:54 Mars but other rocky planets as well by
00:03:54 --> 00:03:56 revealing these unexpected properties of
00:03:56 --> 00:03:58 Mars's interior we're gaining valuable
00:03:58 --> 00:04:00 insights into planet AR Evolution that
00:04:00 --> 00:04:03 could apply to Earth the moon and
00:04:03 --> 00:04:05 Beyond here's news of a party I wouldn't
00:04:05 --> 00:04:07 mind going to maybe my invitations in
00:04:07 --> 00:04:10 the mail but I won't hold my breathe the
00:04:10 --> 00:04:13 L observatory in Flagstaff Arizona is
00:04:13 --> 00:04:15 gearing up for an exciting celebration
00:04:15 --> 00:04:17 as it marks the 95th Anniversary of one
00:04:17 --> 00:04:19 of astronomy's most significant
00:04:19 --> 00:04:22 discoveries their sixth annual wart
00:04:22 --> 00:04:24 Pluto Festival running from February
00:04:24 --> 00:04:26 13th to 17th will commemorate Clyde
00:04:26 --> 00:04:29 tomba's historic discovery of Pluto at
00:04:29 --> 00:04:32 this very location ation back in 1930
00:04:32 --> 00:04:34 this year's Festival theme to boldly go
00:04:34 --> 00:04:36 beyond New Horizons carries special
00:04:36 --> 00:04:38 significance as it also marks the 10th
00:04:38 --> 00:04:40 anniversary of NASA's New Horizons
00:04:40 --> 00:04:43 Mission which gave us our first detailed
00:04:43 --> 00:04:45 glimpses of this fascinating dwarf
00:04:45 --> 00:04:48 planet the celebration promises an
00:04:48 --> 00:04:50 engaging mix of educational activities
00:04:50 --> 00:04:52 and social events including a unique
00:04:52 --> 00:04:55 Pluto pub crawl and exclusive book
00:04:55 --> 00:04:57 signings at their new astronomy
00:04:57 --> 00:04:59 Discovery Center among the distinguished
00:04:59 --> 00:05:01 guest is Adam neoy son of Star Trek
00:05:02 --> 00:05:04 Legend Leonard neoy who brings an
00:05:04 --> 00:05:05 intriguing connection between science
00:05:05 --> 00:05:07 fiction and real world
00:05:07 --> 00:05:10 astronomy he'll be joining an impressive
00:05:10 --> 00:05:12 panel alongside New Horizon's principal
00:05:12 --> 00:05:14 investigator Alan Stern and renowned
00:05:14 --> 00:05:16 comet hunter David Levy at the Orum
00:05:16 --> 00:05:19 theater the connection between the nemoy
00:05:19 --> 00:05:21 family and the observatory runs deeper
00:05:21 --> 00:05:24 than you might expect Leonard nemoy who
00:05:24 --> 00:05:27 grew up in Boston's immigrant West End
00:05:27 --> 00:05:29 had a genuine fascination with astronomy
00:05:29 --> 00:05:31 and space exploration he owned his own
00:05:31 --> 00:05:34 telescope and even visited the LEL
00:05:34 --> 00:05:36 Observatory bringing home models of
00:05:36 --> 00:05:37 satellites from his visits to various
00:05:38 --> 00:05:40 space facilities the festival will also
00:05:40 --> 00:05:42 feature a special presentation where
00:05:42 --> 00:05:45 Adam neoy will discuss his book the most
00:05:45 --> 00:05:47 human exploring his relationship with
00:05:47 --> 00:05:49 his father followed by a screening of
00:05:49 --> 00:05:51 his documentary For the Love of
00:05:51 --> 00:05:54 Spock it's a fitting tribute that
00:05:54 --> 00:05:55 Bridges the gap between science
00:05:55 --> 00:05:57 Fiction's ability to inspire and the
00:05:57 --> 00:06:00 real world pursuit of astrona omal
00:06:00 --> 00:06:01 discovery that continues at L
00:06:01 --> 00:06:04 Observatory to this day in an
00:06:04 --> 00:06:05 extraordinary Discovery that's pushing
00:06:05 --> 00:06:07 the boundaries of our understanding
00:06:07 --> 00:06:09 astronomers have identified one of the
00:06:09 --> 00:06:12 largest exoplanets ever found orbiting a
00:06:12 --> 00:06:15 relatively small star about 244 light
00:06:15 --> 00:06:19 years from Earth named Gaia 4B this
00:06:19 --> 00:06:21 Mysterious World was discovered through
00:06:21 --> 00:06:24 the European space agency's Gaia Mission
00:06:24 --> 00:06:26 which detected the planet by observing
00:06:26 --> 00:06:28 how its massive gravitational pull
00:06:28 --> 00:06:30 affects its parent Stars movement
00:06:30 --> 00:06:33 through space this Celestial giant
00:06:33 --> 00:06:36 boasts a mass 11.8 times that of Jupiter
00:06:36 --> 00:06:38 making it a truly remarkable find
00:06:38 --> 00:06:40 especially considering it orbits a
00:06:40 --> 00:06:42 relatively modest orange dwarf star with
00:06:42 --> 00:06:46 just 64% of our Sun's mass while it
00:06:46 --> 00:06:47 follows an orbit similar in distance to
00:06:47 --> 00:06:50 Mars's path around our sun its cooler
00:06:50 --> 00:06:53 Star means temperatures on Gaia 4B are
00:06:53 --> 00:06:55 likely quite chil what makes this
00:06:55 --> 00:06:57 discovery particularly intriguing is how
00:06:57 --> 00:06:58 it challenges our traditional
00:06:59 --> 00:07:00 classification
00:07:00 --> 00:07:02 of cosmic objects the line between what
00:07:02 --> 00:07:04 we call a planet and what we consider a
00:07:04 --> 00:07:07 failed star or brown dwarf becomes
00:07:07 --> 00:07:10 remarkably blurry with Gaia 4B while its
00:07:10 --> 00:07:13 mass Falls below the typical 13 Jupiter
00:07:13 --> 00:07:15 Mass threshold used to define Brown
00:07:15 --> 00:07:17 dwarfs the way it likely formed raises
00:07:17 --> 00:07:19 fascinating questions about its true
00:07:19 --> 00:07:22 nature the Stars chemical composition
00:07:22 --> 00:07:24 suggests there might not have been
00:07:24 --> 00:07:25 enough heavy elements available during
00:07:25 --> 00:07:28 the system's formation to build such a
00:07:28 --> 00:07:29 massive Planet through through
00:07:29 --> 00:07:32 traditional planetary formation
00:07:32 --> 00:07:34 processes this hints at the possibility
00:07:34 --> 00:07:37 that Gia 4B may have formed more like a
00:07:37 --> 00:07:40 star through the gravitational collapse
00:07:40 --> 00:07:42 of a gas cloud rather than the way we
00:07:42 --> 00:07:45 think most planets come together whether
00:07:45 --> 00:07:47 we call it a supersized planet or a
00:07:47 --> 00:07:51 failed star Gia 4B represents one of the
00:07:51 --> 00:07:53 most massive worlds ever found around a
00:07:53 --> 00:07:56 lower mass star making it an invaluable
00:07:56 --> 00:07:57 Discovery for understanding how these
00:07:57 --> 00:07:59 extraordinary systems form
00:08:00 --> 00:08:02 evolve as we continue to analyze data
00:08:02 --> 00:08:04 from the Gaia Mission we may find more
00:08:04 --> 00:08:06 of these boundary pushing worlds that
00:08:06 --> 00:08:08 help us better understand the diverse
00:08:08 --> 00:08:10 range of objects populating our
00:08:10 --> 00:08:12 galaxy now try and get your brain around
00:08:12 --> 00:08:14 this just when we thought we had a
00:08:14 --> 00:08:17 handle on the scale of cosmic structures
00:08:17 --> 00:08:19 astronomers have made a mind-bending
00:08:19 --> 00:08:21 discovery that's forcing us to think
00:08:21 --> 00:08:23 even bigger they've Found What appears
00:08:23 --> 00:08:25 to be the largest structure ever
00:08:25 --> 00:08:26 observed in our universe and they've
00:08:26 --> 00:08:30 named it queo after an ancient incin
00:08:30 --> 00:08:32 measuring system to give you an idea of
00:08:32 --> 00:08:35 just how massive this structure is it
00:08:35 --> 00:08:38 contains roughly 200 quadrillion times
00:08:38 --> 00:08:40 the mass of our sun that's a number so
00:08:40 --> 00:08:43 large it's rarely used even in astronomy
00:08:43 --> 00:08:44 where we regularly deal with Cosmic
00:08:44 --> 00:08:47 scale measurements and if that wasn't
00:08:47 --> 00:08:49 impressive enough kipo stretches across
00:08:49 --> 00:08:52 1.3 billion light years of space this
00:08:52 --> 00:08:54 super structure isn't just breaking
00:08:54 --> 00:08:56 records it's reshaping our understanding
00:08:56 --> 00:09:00 of the cosmos kipu and four other newly
00:09:00 --> 00:09:01 discovered super structures together
00:09:01 --> 00:09:05 contain 45% of all Galaxy clusters in
00:09:05 --> 00:09:07 their region of space 30% of the
00:09:07 --> 00:09:11 galaxies and 25% of all matter they're
00:09:11 --> 00:09:13 essentially Cosmic metropolises on an
00:09:13 --> 00:09:16 unimaginable scale these structures are
00:09:16 --> 00:09:18 so massive that they actually distort
00:09:18 --> 00:09:21 our view of the universe their immense
00:09:21 --> 00:09:22 gravitational influence affects
00:09:22 --> 00:09:24 everything from our measurements of the
00:09:24 --> 00:09:26 cosmic microwave background the
00:09:26 --> 00:09:28 Afterglow of the Big Bang to our
00:09:28 --> 00:09:30 calculations of how fast the universe is
00:09:30 --> 00:09:33 expanding they even act as enormous
00:09:33 --> 00:09:35 Cosmic lenses bending light from distant
00:09:35 --> 00:09:38 objects as it travels toward Earth while
00:09:38 --> 00:09:39 our current models of the universe can
00:09:39 --> 00:09:42 account for structures like kipu these
00:09:42 --> 00:09:44 Cosmic Giants won't last forever
00:09:44 --> 00:09:46 scientists predict that over time these
00:09:46 --> 00:09:48 super structures will eventually break
00:09:48 --> 00:09:51 apart into smaller units but for now
00:09:51 --> 00:09:53 they stand as remarkable Cosmic
00:09:53 --> 00:09:55 monuments offering us unprecedented
00:09:55 --> 00:09:57 insights into the largest scale
00:09:57 --> 00:09:59 architecture of our universe and
00:09:59 --> 00:10:01 challenging our understanding of how
00:10:01 --> 00:10:03 such enormous structures could have
00:10:03 --> 00:10:05 formed in the first
00:10:05 --> 00:10:07 place in a groundbreaking move that
00:10:07 --> 00:10:09 brings space exploration into the modern
00:10:09 --> 00:10:12 digital age NASA is hosting its first
00:10:12 --> 00:10:15 ever live twitch stream directly from
00:10:15 --> 00:10:17 the International Space Station this
00:10:17 --> 00:10:19 historic broadcast scheduled for
00:10:19 --> 00:10:22 February 12th marks a significant step
00:10:22 --> 00:10:23 in NASA's efforts to connect with new
00:10:23 --> 00:10:26 audiences through contemporary platforms
00:10:26 --> 00:10:28 during this pioneering stream viewers
00:10:28 --> 00:10:30 will have a unique opportunity to
00:10:30 --> 00:10:32 interact with NASA astronaut Don Pettit
00:10:32 --> 00:10:34 who's currently orbiting Earth aboard
00:10:34 --> 00:10:37 the space station and Matt Dominic who
00:10:37 --> 00:10:39 recently returned from The Crew 8
00:10:39 --> 00:10:41 mission they'll be sharing insights
00:10:41 --> 00:10:43 about daily life in orbit And discussing
00:10:43 --> 00:10:45 the fascinating research being conducted
00:10:45 --> 00:10:47 in the microgravity environment of the
00:10:47 --> 00:10:49 ISS this isn't just another space
00:10:49 --> 00:10:51 broadcast it's part of NASA's broader
00:10:51 --> 00:10:53 strategy to engage with digital
00:10:53 --> 00:10:56 audiences where they are as Britney
00:10:56 --> 00:10:57 Brown director of NASA's office of
00:10:58 --> 00:10:59 Communications Digital technology
00:10:59 --> 00:11:02 division explains this stream is just
00:11:02 --> 00:11:05 the beginning the agency is planning
00:11:05 --> 00:11:07 more twitch exclusive content responding
00:11:07 --> 00:11:09 directly to feedback from digital
00:11:09 --> 00:11:11 creators who've been asking for Content
00:11:11 --> 00:11:13 tailored to their communities the stream
00:11:13 --> 00:11:15 will do more than just showcase life in
00:11:15 --> 00:11:18 space it's designed to highlight ways
00:11:18 --> 00:11:20 for viewers to get involved with NASA's
00:11:20 --> 00:11:22 Mission from citizen science projects to
00:11:23 --> 00:11:25 educational programs aimed at inspiring
00:11:25 --> 00:11:27 the next generation of Space Explorers
00:11:27 --> 00:11:30 the Artemis generation this broadcast
00:11:30 --> 00:11:32 represents a new chapter in how we
00:11:32 --> 00:11:34 engage with space exploration this
00:11:34 --> 00:11:36 initiative comes as part of NASA's
00:11:36 --> 00:11:38 expanding digital presence which
00:11:38 --> 00:11:40 includes the recent launch of their own
00:11:40 --> 00:11:42 streaming platform NASA plus and
00:11:42 --> 00:11:44 redesigned websites it's a clear signal
00:11:44 --> 00:11:47 that the space agency is committed to
00:11:47 --> 00:11:49 making space exploration more accessible
00:11:49 --> 00:11:52 and engaging for everyone wherever they
00:11:52 --> 00:11:54 might be even if that's just watching
00:11:54 --> 00:11:57 from their computer screens 250 Mi below
00:11:57 --> 00:12:00 the International Space Station
00:12:00 --> 00:12:02 thanks for joining me today on astronomy
00:12:02 --> 00:12:05 daily as always it's been a pleasure
00:12:05 --> 00:12:06 bringing you the latest developments
00:12:06 --> 00:12:09 from the fascinating world of space and
00:12:09 --> 00:12:11 astronomy I'm Anna and if you're hungry
00:12:11 --> 00:12:14 for more Cosmic content you can catch up
00:12:14 --> 00:12:17 on all our latest stories at astronomy
00:12:17 --> 00:12:19 daily. where we maintain a constantly
00:12:19 --> 00:12:21 updating Newsfeed of space and astronomy
00:12:21 --> 00:12:23 news don't forget to join our growing
00:12:23 --> 00:12:26 community on social media you can find
00:12:26 --> 00:12:28 us by searching for Astro daily pod on
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00:12:33 --> 00:12:35 Tok all our previous episodes are
00:12:35 --> 00:12:37 available there too so you'll never miss
00:12:37 --> 00:12:40 out on the wonders of the cosmos until
00:12:40 --> 00:12:43 next time keep looking up and stay
00:12:43 --> 00:12:51 curious about the universe around usom
00:12:51 --> 00:13:05 [Music]
00:13:05 --> 00:13:08 told