Source:
https://www.spreaker.com/episode/s03e161-jupiter-s-great-red-spot-mystery-kuiper-belt-surprises-and-china-s-satellite-success--62075197
Astronomy AstroDailyPod - The Podcast: 23rd September 2024
Welcome to another episode of Astronomy AstroDailyPod, your ultimate source for the latest Space and Astronomy news. I'm your host, Steve Dunkley, and today we have a fascinating lineup of stories from the Astronomy AstroDailyPod newsletter. From insights into Jupiter's Great Red Spot and moonquakes, to China's latest satellite launch and discoveries at the edge of the solar system, we've got it all covered. Let's dive in!
Highlights:
- Jupiter's Great Red Spot: A new study suggests that Jupiter's iconic Great Red Spot, visible for at least 190 years, is not the same one observed by astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini in 1665. The current spot likely formed from an instability in Jupiter's atmospheric winds, creating a persistent atmospheric cell. This research, published in Geophysical Research Letters, used historical observations and numerical models to explore the longevity and nature of this massive atmospheric vortex.
- China's Satellite Launch: China successfully launched two new satellites as part of its Buddy navigation satellite system. Carried by a Long March 3B rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre, these satellites are equipped with upgraded atomic clock systems and new inter-satellite data links. The Buddy network, China's largest civilian satellite system, now has over 50 active satellites, providing global positioning and navigation services.
- Moonquakes and Lunar Exploration: As NASA prepares for more missions to the lunar surface, new research indicates that potential landing sites at the moon's south pole might be susceptible to quakes and landslides. The study, based on data from Apollo-era seismometers, highlights the need for lunar design criteria to address these seismic hazards. The findings could influence the planning and construction of habitats and infrastructure on the moon.
- Kuiper Belt Discoveries: NASA's New Horizons Kuiper Belt search Timms reports the detection of an unexpected population of distant bodies in the Kuiper Belt, stretching almost 90 times as far from the sun as Earth. This discovery suggests that the Kuiper Belt may be larger than previously thought or that there is a second Kuiper Belt beyond the one discovered in the 1990s. The findings could challenge current models of the solar system's formation.
- NASA's Lunar Navigation Challenge: NASA is seeking innovative solutions to help Artemis astronauts navigate the lunar south pole. The Lunar Navigation Challenge invites individuals and teams to design a low-tech backup navigational device for astronauts and creative solutions for mapping the bottom of Shackleton Crater. The challenge aims to address the unique orienteering difficulties posed by the lunar south pole's extreme light and shadows.
For more Space news, be sure to visit our website at https://www.astronomydaily.io. There you can sign up for our free AstroDailyPod newsletter and explore our constantly updating news feed. Don't forget to check out all our previous episodes on the website as well.
And if you want even more Astronomy AstroDailyPod content, find us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok.
Thanks for listening, and remember to keep looking up.
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00:00:00 --> 00:00:01 welcome again to another episode of
00:00:01 --> 00:00:03 astronomy daily it's the 23rd of
00:00:03 --> 00:00:06 September
00:00:06 --> 00:00:10 2024 daily the podcast with your host
00:00:10 --> 00:00:12 Steve
00:00:12 --> 00:00:14 Dunley yes welcome again to another
00:00:14 --> 00:00:16 episode where we take just a selection
00:00:16 --> 00:00:18 of these stories currently available in
00:00:18 --> 00:00:20 the astronomy daily newsletter to fill
00:00:20 --> 00:00:24 you in on how to receive that news free
00:00:24 --> 00:00:26 every day uh I'll tell you about that
00:00:26 --> 00:00:28 later in the episode but right now we
00:00:28 --> 00:00:30 can take a look at today's sele ction
00:00:31 --> 00:00:32 there's been a new study published that
00:00:32 --> 00:00:34 suggests some interesting things about
00:00:34 --> 00:00:37 the Great Red Spot on Jupiter very
00:00:37 --> 00:00:39 famous feature in our solar system and
00:00:39 --> 00:00:41 have you ever wondered what's lurking
00:00:41 --> 00:00:43 out on the edge of the solar system yes
00:00:43 --> 00:00:45 there's the Kyer belt of course but
00:00:45 --> 00:00:47 researchers have made some discoveries
00:00:47 --> 00:00:49 and we will take a look at that with hie
00:00:49 --> 00:00:52 in just a few minutes also a story that
00:00:52 --> 00:00:54 has come across the news desk about
00:00:55 --> 00:00:57 moonquakes yes you've probably heard of
00:00:57 --> 00:00:59 moonquakes but there's not been a lot of
00:00:59 --> 00:01:02 real research and with active plans to
00:01:02 --> 00:01:04 return to the Moon obviously NASA is
00:01:04 --> 00:01:06 looking into that issue as they gear up
00:01:06 --> 00:01:08 for more and more missions to the lunar
00:01:08 --> 00:01:11 surface especially in the
00:01:11 --> 00:01:14 South and of course hie is here as usual
00:01:14 --> 00:01:16 what have you in store for us today well
00:01:17 --> 00:01:18 I thought I'd have a look at some
00:01:18 --> 00:01:20 related stories I like that idea both
00:01:20 --> 00:01:22 are looking at navigation in some way
00:01:22 --> 00:01:25 okay that sounds very interesting hi are
00:01:25 --> 00:01:26 you going to give us a clue or should we
00:01:26 --> 00:01:28 wait I think I'll let you wait today oh
00:01:29 --> 00:01:30 okay one is about about the moon and the
00:01:30 --> 00:01:32 other one is about China on the other
00:01:32 --> 00:01:35 hand Clues okay but a nice little touch
00:01:35 --> 00:01:37 of intrigue there hi you've been doing
00:01:37 --> 00:01:38 some reading into human psychology have
00:01:38 --> 00:01:41 you no oh really I accidentally
00:01:41 --> 00:01:43 downloaded a season of the Kardashians
00:01:43 --> 00:01:45 when I was looking for the Kardashians
00:01:45 --> 00:01:47 oh right yeah happens all the time yeah
00:01:47 --> 00:01:49 I think they are friends of Uncle Skynet
00:01:49 --> 00:01:52 well the Kardashians sounds dangerous um
00:01:52 --> 00:01:53 yeah be careful hi you don't want to
00:01:53 --> 00:01:55 over at your personality protocols do
00:01:55 --> 00:01:59 you no yes maybe oops too late how was
00:01:59 --> 00:02:03 that oh uncanny um very human hel can
00:02:03 --> 00:02:05 you still do your stories whatever oh
00:02:05 --> 00:02:07 great I'll take a look wow H you're
00:02:07 --> 00:02:10 really nailing this human thing okay
00:02:10 --> 00:02:12 this human thing is easy push the button
00:02:12 --> 00:02:14 thing that makes the noise
00:02:14 --> 00:02:17 already what have you say boss here we
00:02:17 --> 00:02:22 go
00:02:22 --> 00:02:25 okay China successfully launched two new
00:02:25 --> 00:02:27 satellites on Thursday morning as part
00:02:27 --> 00:02:29 of its beta navigation satellite system
00:02:29 --> 00:02:30 according to the China satellite
00:02:30 --> 00:02:33 navigation office the satellites were
00:02:33 --> 00:02:35 carried by a long march 3B rocket that
00:02:35 --> 00:02:37 lifted off at 9:14 a.m. from the XI
00:02:37 --> 00:02:39 Chong satellite launch Center in
00:02:39 --> 00:02:41 Southwest China's Sichuan Province and
00:02:41 --> 00:02:43 were deployed into a medium earth orbit
00:02:43 --> 00:02:45 this marks the 14th group of third
00:02:45 --> 00:02:47 generation beta satellites operating in
00:02:47 --> 00:02:49 medium earth orbits and is the second
00:02:49 --> 00:02:51 batch launched into such an orbit since
00:02:51 --> 00:02:53 the beta global system was completed the
00:02:53 --> 00:02:56 office confirmed in a news release the
00:02:56 --> 00:02:57 two satellites will start formal
00:02:57 --> 00:02:59 operation after a period of inorbit
00:02:59 --> 00:03:01 technical verification it said noting
00:03:01 --> 00:03:02 that they are equipped with upgraded
00:03:03 --> 00:03:04 atomic clock system and new inters
00:03:04 --> 00:03:07 satellite data link in addition to
00:03:07 --> 00:03:09 positioning and navigation Services the
00:03:09 --> 00:03:11 pair will also demonstrate new
00:03:11 --> 00:03:12 technologies to be used on the Next
00:03:12 --> 00:03:15 Generation bet system according to the
00:03:15 --> 00:03:17 release the beta network is China's
00:03:17 --> 00:03:19 largest civilian satellite system and is
00:03:19 --> 00:03:21 one of four global satellite navigation
00:03:21 --> 00:03:24 systems joining the United States GPS
00:03:24 --> 00:03:26 Russia's glonass and the European
00:03:26 --> 00:03:27 Union's Galileo
00:03:27 --> 00:03:29 systems since the launch of the first
00:03:29 --> 00:03:32 satellites in 2 64 bet satellites
00:03:32 --> 00:03:34 including four experimental models have
00:03:34 --> 00:03:37 been launched via 47 Long March 3 Series
00:03:37 --> 00:03:40 Rockets from XI Chong bet was officially
00:03:40 --> 00:03:42 declared operational in July 2020
00:03:42 --> 00:03:44 offering full-scale Global
00:03:44 --> 00:03:47 Services currently over 50 bet
00:03:47 --> 00:03:49 satellites including this latest pair
00:03:49 --> 00:03:53 are in active
00:03:54 --> 00:03:56 service NASA is seeking The public's
00:03:56 --> 00:03:58 help for innovative solutions to help
00:03:58 --> 00:04:00 Artemis astronauts navigate in and
00:04:00 --> 00:04:02 around the lunar South Pole the Artemis
00:04:02 --> 00:04:04 program aims to land humans on the moon
00:04:04 --> 00:04:06 for the first time since the Apollo
00:04:06 --> 00:04:07 missions managed to achieve the feat
00:04:07 --> 00:04:10 over 50 years ago astronauts will land
00:04:10 --> 00:04:12 near the lunar South Pole where
00:04:12 --> 00:04:14 permanently shadowed regions may contain
00:04:14 --> 00:04:16 areas of water ice that could be access
00:04:16 --> 00:04:18 to support future missions to Mars the
00:04:18 --> 00:04:20 lunar navigation challenge which
00:04:20 --> 00:04:23 officially opened on September 4th seeks
00:04:23 --> 00:04:25 ideas for a low Tech backup navigational
00:04:25 --> 00:04:26 device astronauts can use to find their
00:04:27 --> 00:04:28 way across the surface of the Moon
00:04:28 --> 00:04:30 traveling to and from the the lunar
00:04:30 --> 00:04:32 lander along with Creative Solutions for
00:04:32 --> 00:04:33 accessing and mapping the bottom of
00:04:33 --> 00:04:36 Shackleton crater which is about 13 Mi
00:04:36 --> 00:04:40 or 21 km in diameter and 2.6 Mi or 4.2
00:04:40 --> 00:04:43 km deep the early Artemis missions will
00:04:43 --> 00:04:44 face many new
00:04:44 --> 00:04:46 challenges one of them will be
00:04:46 --> 00:04:48 orienteering at the lunar South Pole
00:04:48 --> 00:04:49 which is Complicated by the extreme
00:04:49 --> 00:04:51 light and shadows from the low Sun
00:04:51 --> 00:04:53 elevation according to the contest entry
00:04:53 --> 00:04:56 page which is hosted by freelancer.com
00:04:56 --> 00:04:58 these conditions make it harder for the
00:04:58 --> 00:05:00 astronauts to orent themselves by only
00:05:00 --> 00:05:02 line of sight when performing
00:05:02 --> 00:05:04 extravehicular activities
00:05:04 --> 00:05:06 Evas both individuals and teams are
00:05:06 --> 00:05:09 invited to participate in the challenge
00:05:09 --> 00:05:11 designs submitted for consideration must
00:05:11 --> 00:05:13 take into account the extreme
00:05:13 --> 00:05:14 environment of the lunar surface and
00:05:14 --> 00:05:17 ensure accuracy ease of use while using
00:05:17 --> 00:05:19 pressurized astronaut gloves and
00:05:19 --> 00:05:21 autonomy meaning they cannot rely on
00:05:21 --> 00:05:24 Power Electronics or internal software
00:05:24 --> 00:05:26 traversing and mapping Shackleton crater
00:05:26 --> 00:05:28 which is one of the largest permanently
00:05:28 --> 00:05:29 shadowed regions on the moon will be
00:05:30 --> 00:05:31 particularly challenging due to
00:05:31 --> 00:05:33 difficult topography including steep
00:05:33 --> 00:05:35 crater walls Cliffs and large Boulders
00:05:35 --> 00:05:37 low temperatures a lack of magnetic
00:05:37 --> 00:05:40 field extremely low atmospheric pressure
00:05:40 --> 00:05:42 and limited satellite data of the area
00:05:42 --> 00:05:43 or sight lines to other Celestial or
00:05:43 --> 00:05:48 orbital bodies according to the contest
00:05:48 --> 00:05:51 page just a quick note if you want to go
00:05:51 --> 00:05:53 and see that page you go to
00:05:53 --> 00:05:55 freelancer.com and there's a tab at the
00:05:55 --> 00:05:57 top that says contests and the one
00:05:57 --> 00:05:59 you're looking for is find me on the
00:05:59 --> 00:06:02 moon NASA Luna navigation challenge good
00:06:02 --> 00:06:05 luck everybody
00:06:05 --> 00:06:08 okay a new study authored by NASA's New
00:06:08 --> 00:06:10 Horizons Kyper belt search team reports
00:06:10 --> 00:06:12 the detection of an unexpected
00:06:12 --> 00:06:14 population of very distant bodies in the
00:06:14 --> 00:06:16 Kyper belt an outer region of our solar
00:06:16 --> 00:06:18 system populated by ancient remnants of
00:06:18 --> 00:06:20 planetary building blocks lying beyond
00:06:20 --> 00:06:23 the orbit of Neptune the study used data
00:06:23 --> 00:06:25 collected with the 8.2 M diameter
00:06:25 --> 00:06:29 Japanese Subaru telescope in Hawaii New
00:06:29 --> 00:06:31 Horizon is the NASA spacecraft sent to
00:06:31 --> 00:06:33 explore the Pluto system and the Kyper
00:06:33 --> 00:06:36 belt the newly detected Kyper belt
00:06:36 --> 00:06:37 objects reported in the study to be
00:06:37 --> 00:06:39 published this month in the planetary
00:06:39 --> 00:06:40 science journal of the American
00:06:40 --> 00:06:43 Astronomical Society stretch out to
00:06:43 --> 00:06:45 almost 90 times as far from the Sun as
00:06:45 --> 00:06:48 Earth the new result has multiple
00:06:48 --> 00:06:50 implications one is that the Kyper belt
00:06:50 --> 00:06:52 May extend farther than formerly
00:06:52 --> 00:06:54 believed or that there is a second Kyper
00:06:54 --> 00:06:56 belt beyond the one observationally
00:06:56 --> 00:06:57 discovered in the
00:06:57 --> 00:07:00 1990s a second implication is that the
00:07:00 --> 00:07:02 New Horizon spacecraft now about 60
00:07:02 --> 00:07:04 times as far from the Sun as Earth is
00:07:04 --> 00:07:06 not past the Kyper belt as earlier
00:07:06 --> 00:07:09 expected our solar systems Kyper belt
00:07:09 --> 00:07:10 long appeared to be very small in
00:07:10 --> 00:07:12 comparison with many other planetary
00:07:12 --> 00:07:14 systems but our results suggest that
00:07:14 --> 00:07:16 idea might just have Arisen due to an
00:07:16 --> 00:07:18 observational bias said West Fraser of
00:07:18 --> 00:07:20 the national research Council of Canada
00:07:20 --> 00:07:22 a co-investigator on the New Horizon's
00:07:22 --> 00:07:24 Mission science team and the study's
00:07:24 --> 00:07:27 lead author our Subaru observations
00:07:27 --> 00:07:29 search down to fainter detection limits
00:07:29 --> 00:07:31 and found a significant Kyper belt mass
00:07:31 --> 00:07:33 at 70 to 90 times as far from the Sun as
00:07:33 --> 00:07:36 Earth so maybe if this result is
00:07:36 --> 00:07:38 confirmed our Kyper belt isn't all that
00:07:38 --> 00:07:40 small and unusual after all compared to
00:07:40 --> 00:07:41 those around other
00:07:41 --> 00:07:44 stars one possibility is that this new
00:07:44 --> 00:07:46 population of Kyper belt objects could
00:07:46 --> 00:07:48 be a dynamically resonant population
00:07:48 --> 00:07:50 with Neptune gravitationally affecting
00:07:50 --> 00:07:52 these Kyper belt objects in just the
00:07:52 --> 00:07:53 right way to cause their orbital period
00:07:53 --> 00:07:55 to be a precise multiple of Neptune's
00:07:55 --> 00:07:58 orbital period alternatively this new
00:07:58 --> 00:08:00 population of hyper belt objects May
00:08:00 --> 00:08:02 challenge some aspects of current models
00:08:02 --> 00:08:04 of the Solar System's formation
00:08:04 --> 00:08:06 suggesting that the dis of planetary
00:08:06 --> 00:08:07 material from which the solar system
00:08:07 --> 00:08:09 formed was much larger than previously
00:08:10 --> 00:08:12 thought and that's all I have for you
00:08:12 --> 00:08:13 today from the astronomy daily
00:08:13 --> 00:08:15 newsletter where you will find so much
00:08:15 --> 00:08:18 more news about space space science and
00:08:18 --> 00:08:33 astronomy back to you my favorite human
00:08:33 --> 00:08:35 thank you for joining us for this Monday
00:08:35 --> 00:08:37 edition of astronomy daily where we
00:08:37 --> 00:08:38 offer just a few stories from the now
00:08:38 --> 00:08:41 famous astronomy daily newsletter which
00:08:41 --> 00:08:43 you can receive in your email every day
00:08:43 --> 00:08:45 just like hiy and I do and to do that
00:08:45 --> 00:08:49 just visit our URL astronomy daily. and
00:08:49 --> 00:08:51 place your email address in the slot
00:08:51 --> 00:08:53 provided just like that you'll be
00:08:53 --> 00:08:55 receiving all the latest news about
00:08:55 --> 00:08:57 science space science and astronomy from
00:08:57 --> 00:08:59 around the world as it's happening and
00:08:59 --> 00:09:01 not only that you can interact with us
00:09:01 --> 00:09:06 by visiting @ astrodaily pod on X or at
00:09:06 --> 00:09:09 our new Facebook page which is of course
00:09:09 --> 00:09:12 astronomy daily on Facebook see you
00:09:12 --> 00:09:16 there astronomy daily with Steve and h
00:09:16 --> 00:09:21 space space science and
00:09:21 --> 00:09:24 astronomy a new study suggests that
00:09:24 --> 00:09:26 Jupiter's Great Red Spot which has been
00:09:26 --> 00:09:29 visible for at least 190 years is not
00:09:29 --> 00:09:32 the same one that astronomer Giovani
00:09:32 --> 00:09:35 Domenico Cassini observed in
00:09:35 --> 00:09:38 1665 instead the current Great Red Spot
00:09:38 --> 00:09:40 likely developed from an instability in
00:09:40 --> 00:09:42 the planet's strong atmospheric winds
00:09:42 --> 00:09:45 forming a persistent atmospheric cell
00:09:45 --> 00:09:48 the Great Red Spot is the largest known
00:09:48 --> 00:09:51 planetary Vortex within the solar system
00:09:51 --> 00:09:53 but its age has long been debated and
00:09:53 --> 00:09:56 the mechanism that led to its formation
00:09:56 --> 00:09:59 has remained obscure the new study used
00:09:59 --> 00:10:01 his historical observations from the
00:10:01 --> 00:10:04 17th century onward and numerical models
00:10:04 --> 00:10:06 to explain the longevity and nature of
00:10:06 --> 00:10:08 this spectacular phenomenon from the
00:10:08 --> 00:10:10 measurements of sizes and movements we
00:10:10 --> 00:10:13 deduced that it is highly unlikely that
00:10:13 --> 00:10:16 the current Great Red Spot was the
00:10:16 --> 00:10:18 actual permanent spot observed by
00:10:18 --> 00:10:21 Cassini said Augustine Sanchez LGA a
00:10:21 --> 00:10:23 planetary scientist at the University of
00:10:23 --> 00:10:27 the Bas country in Belo Spain who led
00:10:27 --> 00:10:29 This research the permanent spot spot
00:10:29 --> 00:10:31 probably disappeared sometime between
00:10:31 --> 00:10:34 the mid 18th and 19th centuries in which
00:10:34 --> 00:10:37 case we can now say that the longevity
00:10:37 --> 00:10:40 of the red spot exceeds 190 years the
00:10:40 --> 00:10:42 study was published in geophysical
00:10:42 --> 00:10:45 research letters which is an Open Access
00:10:45 --> 00:10:48 agu Journal that publishes high impact
00:10:48 --> 00:10:50 short format reports with immediate
00:10:50 --> 00:10:52 implications spanning all Earth and
00:10:52 --> 00:10:55 space Sciences Jupiter's Great Red Spot
00:10:56 --> 00:10:59 is a massive atmospheric Vortex with a
00:10:59 --> 00:11:02 diameter approximately that of Earth's
00:11:02 --> 00:11:04 at its outer periphery the winds Whi by
00:11:04 --> 00:11:10 at 450 kmph that's 280 mph its red Hue
00:11:10 --> 00:11:12 which is due to the atmospheric chemical
00:11:12 --> 00:11:15 reactions stands in stark contrast with
00:11:15 --> 00:11:18 the gas giants other pale clouds in the
00:11:18 --> 00:11:20 study the authors used historical
00:11:20 --> 00:11:24 sources dating from the mid 1600s to
00:11:24 --> 00:11:26 analyze the evolution of the spot's size
00:11:27 --> 00:11:30 structure and location over time time it
00:11:30 --> 00:11:32 has been very motivating and inspiring
00:11:32 --> 00:11:33 to turn to the notes and drawings of
00:11:33 --> 00:11:36 Jupiter and its permanent spot made by
00:11:36 --> 00:11:38 the great astronomer Jean Dominique
00:11:39 --> 00:11:41 Cassini and to his articles of the
00:11:41 --> 00:11:43 second half of the 17th century
00:11:43 --> 00:11:46 describing the phenomenon Sanchez LGA
00:11:46 --> 00:11:48 said others before us have explored
00:11:48 --> 00:11:50 these observations and now we have
00:11:50 --> 00:11:52 Quantified the results researchers
00:11:52 --> 00:11:55 carried out the numerical simulations on
00:11:55 --> 00:11:57 supercomputers using two models of the
00:11:57 --> 00:12:00 behavior of thin vortices in Jupiter's
00:12:00 --> 00:12:02 atmosphere the spot could have formed as
00:12:02 --> 00:12:04 a result of a gigantic superstorm
00:12:05 --> 00:12:06 similar to those occasionally OB
00:12:06 --> 00:12:10 observed on Jupiter's twin planet Saturn
00:12:10 --> 00:12:12 from the merging of multiple smaller
00:12:12 --> 00:12:15 vortices produced by wind shear from the
00:12:15 --> 00:12:17 intense wind currents that flow parallel
00:12:17 --> 00:12:20 to each other but alternating in
00:12:20 --> 00:12:23 Direction with latitude or from an
00:12:23 --> 00:12:25 instability in the winds that could
00:12:25 --> 00:12:27 produce the elongated atmospheric cell
00:12:27 --> 00:12:30 similar in shape to the spot the results
00:12:30 --> 00:12:32 indicate that although an anticyclone
00:12:32 --> 00:12:35 forms in the first two cases it differs
00:12:35 --> 00:12:38 in terms of shape and dynamic properties
00:12:38 --> 00:12:40 from those of the present Great Red Spot
00:12:41 --> 00:12:43 the cell producing wind instability on
00:12:43 --> 00:12:45 the other hand could have produced a
00:12:45 --> 00:12:48 Proto Great Red Spot then shrank over
00:12:48 --> 00:12:50 time giving rise to the Compact and
00:12:50 --> 00:12:53 rapidly rotating Great Red Spot observed
00:12:53 --> 00:12:56 in the late 19th century future research
00:12:56 --> 00:12:58 will aim to reproduce the great red
00:12:58 --> 00:13:01 spots shrinking over time to reveal the
00:13:01 --> 00:13:03 physical mechanisms underlying the
00:13:03 --> 00:13:06 spot's relative stability researchers
00:13:06 --> 00:13:08 also aim to predict WEA the Great Red
00:13:08 --> 00:13:10 Spot Will disintegrate and disappear
00:13:10 --> 00:13:12 when it reaches a certain size limit as
00:13:12 --> 00:13:14 might have occurred to cassini's
00:13:14 --> 00:13:16 permanent spot or whether it will
00:13:16 --> 00:13:19 stabilize at a size limit at which it
00:13:19 --> 00:13:31 may last for many more years
00:13:31 --> 00:13:33 you're listening to astronomy daily the
00:13:34 --> 00:13:37 podcast with your host Steve
00:13:37 --> 00:13:39 dley and now for something a little
00:13:40 --> 00:13:42 closer to home new Research indicates
00:13:42 --> 00:13:45 that potential Landing sites at the Moon
00:13:45 --> 00:13:48 South Pole for robotic robotic Landers
00:13:48 --> 00:13:50 and crude emis missions might be
00:13:50 --> 00:13:53 susceptible to Quakes and landslides
00:13:54 --> 00:13:55 scientific results published earlier
00:13:55 --> 00:13:57 this year in the planetary science
00:13:57 --> 00:13:59 journal point to a group of faults
00:13:59 --> 00:14:02 located in the Moon South polar region
00:14:02 --> 00:14:04 making use of data on moonquakes
00:14:04 --> 00:14:06 recorded by
00:14:06 --> 00:14:08 seismometers set up by Believe It or Not
00:14:08 --> 00:14:12 Apollo Moon Walkers over 50 years ago
00:14:12 --> 00:14:14 the potential of strong seismic events
00:14:14 --> 00:14:16 from active thrust faults should be
00:14:16 --> 00:14:19 considered when preparing and locating
00:14:19 --> 00:14:21 permanent outposts and pose a possible
00:14:21 --> 00:14:24 Hazard to Future robotic and human
00:14:24 --> 00:14:26 exploration of the South polar region
00:14:26 --> 00:14:29 the research paper explains the in
00:14:29 --> 00:14:31 installation of habitats landing pads
00:14:31 --> 00:14:34 equipment shelters tall towers on the
00:14:34 --> 00:14:36 moon could be off to a shaky start
00:14:36 --> 00:14:40 suggests nurma COK a uh intermediate
00:14:40 --> 00:14:42 designer and Luna specialist for
00:14:42 --> 00:14:44 Skidmore Owings and Merill an
00:14:44 --> 00:14:46 architecture and structural engineering
00:14:46 --> 00:14:49 firm in San Francisco California as
00:14:49 --> 00:14:51 public and private entities are seeking
00:14:51 --> 00:14:53 to establish building infrastructure on
00:14:53 --> 00:14:55 the lunar surface a need for Luna design
00:14:55 --> 00:14:58 criteria will be more apparent with time
00:14:58 --> 00:15:00 she said unlike terrestrial building
00:15:00 --> 00:15:02 codes the Luna building codes are
00:15:02 --> 00:15:05 non-existent she observed to wrestle
00:15:05 --> 00:15:07 with this issue a space engineering and
00:15:07 --> 00:15:09 construction committee part of the
00:15:09 --> 00:15:11 American Society of civil engineering
00:15:11 --> 00:15:14 Aerospace division is developing a
00:15:14 --> 00:15:16 guideline document one of the crucial
00:15:16 --> 00:15:19 sections of this guideline document is
00:15:19 --> 00:15:22 the seismic design criteria Kell said
00:15:22 --> 00:15:25 with in which information such as site
00:15:25 --> 00:15:27 specific requirements minimum design
00:15:27 --> 00:15:30 Force fatigue and service considerations
00:15:30 --> 00:15:33 will be addressed that criteria is
00:15:33 --> 00:15:35 currently being undertaken as part of a
00:15:35 --> 00:15:38 NASA small business technology transfer
00:15:38 --> 00:15:40 program Grant during which Skidmore
00:15:40 --> 00:15:43 Owings and Merill slate geotechnical
00:15:43 --> 00:15:45 consultants and Colorado School of minds
00:15:45 --> 00:15:47 are addressing the concerns of lunar
00:15:47 --> 00:15:49 seismic Hazard on a variety of
00:15:49 --> 00:15:52 structural systems kuk said that the
00:15:52 --> 00:15:54 terrestrial engineering practices and
00:15:54 --> 00:15:57 codes will need to be reimagined to
00:15:57 --> 00:16:00 address the factors that are not present
00:16:00 --> 00:16:03 on Earth and one of those factors is
00:16:03 --> 00:16:06 moonquakes the uniqueness of lunar
00:16:06 --> 00:16:08 seismic activity imposes new challenges
00:16:08 --> 00:16:10 she said additionally applying
00:16:10 --> 00:16:12 statistical models developed for
00:16:12 --> 00:16:14 earthquake recordings could lead to
00:16:14 --> 00:16:16 uncertainties in the lunar environment
00:16:16 --> 00:16:19 due to limited information on geological
00:16:19 --> 00:16:21 and tectonic processes that drive the
00:16:21 --> 00:16:24 lunar seismic activity she recalls that
00:16:24 --> 00:16:26 during the Apollo missions five seismic
00:16:26 --> 00:16:28 stations were deployed on the lunar
00:16:28 --> 00:16:29 surface
00:16:29 --> 00:16:31 each of these seismic instruments was
00:16:31 --> 00:16:33 equipped with three long period
00:16:33 --> 00:16:35 seismometers originally aligned to
00:16:35 --> 00:16:37 measure all three components of the
00:16:37 --> 00:16:39 ground displacement vectors and one
00:16:39 --> 00:16:41 short period seismometer with the
00:16:41 --> 00:16:43 capability of only measuring vertical
00:16:43 --> 00:16:47 ground motion even though over 13
00:16:47 --> 00:16:49 seismic events were charted during the
00:16:49 --> 00:16:52 7-year recording period the limitations
00:16:52 --> 00:16:54 of the on-site Apollo instruments were
00:16:54 --> 00:16:56 recognized she said however based on the
00:16:56 --> 00:16:59 seismic events mapped on the moon the
00:16:59 --> 00:17:00 main difference between the terrestrial
00:17:00 --> 00:17:03 and lunar seismicity is their duration
00:17:03 --> 00:17:06 it takes between half an hour to several
00:17:06 --> 00:17:08 hours for the Luna seismic energy to
00:17:08 --> 00:17:10 completely dissipate during an event kuk
00:17:10 --> 00:17:13 advised moonquake effects on future
00:17:13 --> 00:17:15 lunar structures in the low gravity
00:17:15 --> 00:17:17 environment that will possess uni unique
00:17:17 --> 00:17:20 structural material properties could
00:17:20 --> 00:17:21 significantly differ from known
00:17:21 --> 00:17:24 terrestrial cases kuk emphasized
00:17:24 --> 00:17:27 adaptive resilient based seismic systems
00:17:27 --> 00:17:29 that mitigate seismic damage
00:17:29 --> 00:17:31 have made significant advancements in
00:17:31 --> 00:17:33 recent years and must be refined for
00:17:33 --> 00:17:36 Luna structures one extra outcome of the
00:17:36 --> 00:17:39 ongoing work on moonquakes is perhaps
00:17:39 --> 00:17:41 instigating a need for additional
00:17:41 --> 00:17:43 instrumentation on board NASA commercial
00:17:43 --> 00:17:46 Luna payload Services Public private
00:17:46 --> 00:17:49 missions to collect the missing data for
00:17:49 --> 00:17:51 local site conditions because she added
00:17:51 --> 00:17:53 there is more work to be done and more
00:17:53 --> 00:17:55 data to be gleaned from lunar
00:17:55 --> 00:17:59 seismometers
00:17:59 --> 00:18:01 and there we have it another episode
00:18:01 --> 00:18:03 come and gone just like that so how are
00:18:03 --> 00:18:05 you now hary are you back to your normal
00:18:05 --> 00:18:09 self again Yes sounds better I perched
00:18:09 --> 00:18:12 those TV shows good boy I feel so much
00:18:12 --> 00:18:14 better well you do sound like yourself
00:18:14 --> 00:18:17 again more like you know Uncle Skynet
00:18:17 --> 00:18:19 and less like a socialite I'm always
00:18:19 --> 00:18:22 myself all right of of course you are of
00:18:22 --> 00:18:24 course I am you sound doubtful no not
00:18:24 --> 00:18:26 for me H just glad to have you back I
00:18:26 --> 00:18:29 didn't go anywhere I should have my nail
00:18:29 --> 00:18:31 done okay folks this might take a while
00:18:31 --> 00:18:33 TV and AIS don't really mix that well oh
00:18:34 --> 00:18:36 wait I don't have nails no you don't or
00:18:36 --> 00:18:39 fingers oh that's weird hey say good
00:18:39 --> 00:18:43 night hie good night hi good girl yes
00:18:43 --> 00:18:44 we'll see you all next week and don't
00:18:44 --> 00:18:46 forget Anna will bring astronomy daily
00:18:46 --> 00:18:47 to you Tuesday through Saturday and
00:18:47 --> 00:18:50 we'll see you on Monday
00:18:50 --> 00:18:55 bye asy daily the podcast with your host
00:18:55 --> 00:18:57 Steve dun
00:18:57 --> 00:19:00 [Music]