Source:
https://www.spreaker.com/episode/s27e110-ganymede-s-axis-shift-black-hole-spin-revelations-and-solar-sail-setback--61322499
SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 110 *Gigantic asteroid impact shifted Ganymede’s axis A new study claims that the solar system’s largest moon, the Jovian giant Ganymede, was hit by a massive asteroid four billion years ago shifting its axis. *New way to measure the spin of a supermassive black hole Astronomers have found a new way to measure how fast a black hole spins, by using the wobbly aftermath from its stellar feasting. *Nasa’s solar sail mission tumbling in orbit NASA says its Advanced Composite Solar Sail System spacecraft is "tumbling or wobbling" through space, which may have impacted its orbit. *The Science Report Semaglutide found to reduce the risk of heart failure. Semaglutide also found to reduce the risk of dying from any cause including COVID-19. Claims current screentime before sleep recommendations for kids are neither achievable nor appropriate. Alex on Tech Apple’s i-phone 16
00:00:00 --> 00:00:03 this is spacetime series 27 episode 110
00:00:03 --> 00:00:05 for broadcast on the 11th of September
00:00:05 --> 00:00:09 2024 coming up on SpaceTime the gigantic
00:00:09 --> 00:00:12 asteroid impact which shifted ganim me's
00:00:12 --> 00:00:14 axis a new way to measure the spin of a
00:00:14 --> 00:00:17 super massive black hole and nessa's
00:00:17 --> 00:00:20 solar cell Mission tumbling in orbit all
00:00:20 --> 00:00:23 that and more coming up on
00:00:23 --> 00:00:26 SpaceTime welcome to SpaceTime with
00:00:26 --> 00:00:28 Stuart Gary
00:00:28 --> 00:00:43 [Music]
00:00:43 --> 00:00:45 a new study claims that the solar
00:00:45 --> 00:00:47 systems largest moon the Jovi and giant
00:00:47 --> 00:00:50 Moon gany made was hit by a massive
00:00:50 --> 00:00:52 asteroid 4 billion years ago shifting
00:00:52 --> 00:00:55 its axis the findings published in the
00:00:55 --> 00:00:57 journal scientific reports describe the
00:00:57 --> 00:00:59 event as one of the biggest asteroid
00:00:59 --> 00:01:01 impacts with clear traces in the solar
00:01:01 --> 00:01:03 system the Collision involved an
00:01:03 --> 00:01:06 asteroid roughly 20 times larger than
00:01:06 --> 00:01:08 the KT boundary vein asteroid impact
00:01:08 --> 00:01:10 which 66 million years ago triggered
00:01:10 --> 00:01:12 Earth's fifth mass extinction event
00:01:12 --> 00:01:15 wiping out 75% of all life on the planet
00:01:15 --> 00:01:18 including all the non- Aven dinosaurs
00:01:18 --> 00:01:20 ganim mid is larger than the planet
00:01:20 --> 00:01:22 Mercury and has a liquid water ocean
00:01:22 --> 00:01:25 beneath its icy crust like the Earth's
00:01:25 --> 00:01:28 moon it's gravitationally tidy locked
00:01:28 --> 00:01:30 meaning it always shows its same f face
00:01:30 --> 00:01:32 to the planet it's orbiting and thus it
00:01:32 --> 00:01:35 also has a Far Side now on large parts
00:01:35 --> 00:01:37 of its surface the moon's covered by
00:01:37 --> 00:01:39 furrows that form concentric circles
00:01:39 --> 00:01:42 around one specific spot and that led
00:01:42 --> 00:01:44 researchers back in the 1980s to
00:01:44 --> 00:01:46 conclude that that must have been the
00:01:46 --> 00:01:49 result of a Major Impact event the
00:01:49 --> 00:01:51 study's lead author harata nayuk from
00:01:51 --> 00:01:53 coob University says the Jovian Moon's
00:01:53 --> 00:01:56 iio Europa ganim and Kalisto all have
00:01:56 --> 00:01:58 interesting individual characteristics
00:01:59 --> 00:02:00 but what caught his attention was those
00:02:00 --> 00:02:03 furrows on gany now yuk says astronomers
00:02:03 --> 00:02:05 know that this feature was created by an
00:02:05 --> 00:02:07 asteroid impact roughly 4 billion years
00:02:07 --> 00:02:10 ago but they're unsure of exactly how
00:02:10 --> 00:02:12 big the impact was and what effect it
00:02:12 --> 00:02:14 left on the moon see data from this
00:02:14 --> 00:02:17 remote object is scarce making research
00:02:17 --> 00:02:20 very difficult but naok realized that
00:02:20 --> 00:02:22 the location of the impact almost
00:02:22 --> 00:02:24 precisely on the Meridian furthest away
00:02:24 --> 00:02:27 from Jupiter he says this discovery has
00:02:27 --> 00:02:29 similarities to an ancient impact event
00:02:29 --> 00:02:31 on Pluto evidence which was detected by
00:02:31 --> 00:02:34 NASA's new horizon spacecraft that event
00:02:34 --> 00:02:35 caused the dwarf planet's rotational
00:02:35 --> 00:02:38 access to shift and according to nauk it
00:02:38 --> 00:02:41 implies that ganim me too had undergone
00:02:41 --> 00:02:42 such a
00:02:42 --> 00:02:44 reorientation nauk was then able to
00:02:44 --> 00:02:46 calculate the kind of impact that would
00:02:46 --> 00:02:48 have caused gim's reorientation to
00:02:48 --> 00:02:51 happen he found that an asteroid roughly
00:02:51 --> 00:02:54 300 km across that's about 20 times the
00:02:54 --> 00:02:56 size of the one which hit the earth 65
00:02:56 --> 00:02:58 million years ago would have created a
00:02:58 --> 00:03:00 transient crater between
00:03:00 --> 00:03:04 14600 km in diameter transient craters
00:03:04 --> 00:03:07 are widely used in lab and computational
00:03:07 --> 00:03:09 simulations they're actually cavities
00:03:09 --> 00:03:10 produced directly after a crater
00:03:10 --> 00:03:12 excavation and before material settles
00:03:12 --> 00:03:15 in and around the crater according to
00:03:15 --> 00:03:17 the author's simulations only an impact
00:03:17 --> 00:03:19 of this size would have made it likely
00:03:19 --> 00:03:21 that the change in the distribution of
00:03:21 --> 00:03:23 mass could cause the moon's rotational
00:03:23 --> 00:03:25 axis to shift to its current position
00:03:25 --> 00:03:27 this giant impact must have had quite a
00:03:27 --> 00:03:29 significant effect on the early
00:03:29 --> 00:03:31 evolution of ganim but the thermal and
00:03:31 --> 00:03:33 structural effects of the impact on the
00:03:33 --> 00:03:35 interior of the giant Moon haven't yet
00:03:35 --> 00:03:38 been investigated ganim Mees the final
00:03:38 --> 00:03:40 destination of isa's juice spacecraft
00:03:40 --> 00:03:43 Mission if everything goes well the
00:03:43 --> 00:03:44 probe will enter orbit around the moon
00:03:44 --> 00:03:47 in 2034 and will make observations for
00:03:47 --> 00:03:49 at least 6 months sending back a wealth
00:03:49 --> 00:03:52 of data that could help answer naor's
00:03:52 --> 00:03:55 questions needless to say will keep you
00:03:55 --> 00:03:59 informed this is spacetime still to come
00:03:59 --> 00:04:01 and new way to measure the spin of a
00:04:01 --> 00:04:03 super massive black hole and ness's
00:04:03 --> 00:04:05 solar sail Mission tumbling through
00:04:05 --> 00:04:10 space all that and more still to come on
00:04:10 --> 00:04:23 [Music]
00:04:23 --> 00:04:26 SpaceTime astronomers have found a new
00:04:26 --> 00:04:28 way to measure how fast the black hle
00:04:28 --> 00:04:29 spinning by using the wobbly the
00:04:29 --> 00:04:32 aftermath of its Stella feasting this
00:04:32 --> 00:04:34 new method reported in the journal
00:04:34 --> 00:04:36 Nature takes advantage of a black hole
00:04:36 --> 00:04:39 tidle disruption event a tile disruption
00:04:39 --> 00:04:41 event happens when a star gets too close
00:04:41 --> 00:04:43 to a black hole and the black hole's
00:04:43 --> 00:04:45 powerful gravitational influence
00:04:45 --> 00:04:48 literally rips the star apart shredding
00:04:48 --> 00:04:50 it into pieces in the process releasing
00:04:50 --> 00:04:52 huge amounts of energy as the Stars
00:04:52 --> 00:04:54 ripped apart by the black hole's immense
00:04:54 --> 00:04:56 gravitational tidal forces half of the
00:04:57 --> 00:04:59 star is usually Blown Away into deep
00:04:59 --> 00:05:01 space the other half is Fung around the
00:05:01 --> 00:05:03 black hole forming an intensely hot
00:05:03 --> 00:05:05 accretion disc of rotating Stellar
00:05:05 --> 00:05:08 material as this material revolves
00:05:08 --> 00:05:10 around the black hole it's being crushed
00:05:10 --> 00:05:13 and torn apart at the subatomic level in
00:05:13 --> 00:05:15 the process releasing vast amounts of
00:05:15 --> 00:05:18 energy in x-rays the studies authors
00:05:18 --> 00:05:20 have shown that the wobble of this newly
00:05:20 --> 00:05:22 created accretion disc is key to working
00:05:22 --> 00:05:24 out the central black hole's inherent
00:05:24 --> 00:05:26 spin the astronomers measure the spin of
00:05:26 --> 00:05:28 a nearby super massive black hole by
00:05:28 --> 00:05:30 tracking the patent of X-ray flashes
00:05:30 --> 00:05:32 that the black hole was producing
00:05:32 --> 00:05:34 immediately following a title disruption
00:05:34 --> 00:05:36 event the team followed the flashes over
00:05:37 --> 00:05:39 several months and determined that there
00:05:39 --> 00:05:40 were likely the signal of a bright hot
00:05:40 --> 00:05:42 accretion disc that wobbled back and
00:05:42 --> 00:05:44 forth as it was being pushed and pulled
00:05:44 --> 00:05:47 by the black hle Z spin by tracking how
00:05:47 --> 00:05:49 the disc's wobble changed over time the
00:05:49 --> 00:05:51 authors could work out how much the disc
00:05:51 --> 00:05:53 was being affected by the black hole
00:05:53 --> 00:05:56 Spin and in turn how fast the black hole
00:05:56 --> 00:05:58 itself was spinning their analysis
00:05:58 --> 00:06:00 showed that the black hole was actually
00:06:00 --> 00:06:02 spinning at less than 25% of the speed
00:06:02 --> 00:06:05 of light the study's lead author D pasam
00:06:05 --> 00:06:07 from the Massachusetts Institute of
00:06:07 --> 00:06:09 Technology MIT says the new method could
00:06:09 --> 00:06:11 be used to gauge the spins of hundreds
00:06:11 --> 00:06:14 of black holes in the local Universe if
00:06:14 --> 00:06:16 scientists can survey the spins of
00:06:16 --> 00:06:18 numerous black holes nearby they can
00:06:18 --> 00:06:19 start to understand how these
00:06:20 --> 00:06:22 gravitational Giants evolved over the
00:06:22 --> 00:06:24 history of the universe they could also
00:06:24 --> 00:06:25 estimate the overall distribution of
00:06:26 --> 00:06:28 black hole spins and understand the
00:06:28 --> 00:06:29 long-standing question of how they
00:06:29 --> 00:06:32 evolve over time every black hole has an
00:06:32 --> 00:06:34 inherent spin that's been shaped by its
00:06:34 --> 00:06:37 Cosmic encounters over time for instance
00:06:37 --> 00:06:39 if a black hole had grown through mostly
00:06:39 --> 00:06:41 accretion brief instances of when some
00:06:41 --> 00:06:42 material falls onto the disc would have
00:06:42 --> 00:06:44 caused the black hole to spin up to
00:06:44 --> 00:06:47 quite high speeds Now by contrast if a
00:06:47 --> 00:06:49 black hole grows mostly through merging
00:06:49 --> 00:06:51 with other black holes each merger would
00:06:51 --> 00:06:54 slow things down as one black hole spin
00:06:54 --> 00:06:55 meets up and against the spin of the
00:06:55 --> 00:06:58 other now because of their intense mass
00:06:58 --> 00:07:00 and gravity as of black hole spins it
00:07:00 --> 00:07:02 quite literally drags the surrounding
00:07:02 --> 00:07:05 fabric of space time around with it now
00:07:05 --> 00:07:08 this Frame dragging effect is an example
00:07:08 --> 00:07:10 of lens theing procession a
00:07:10 --> 00:07:12 long-standing theory that describes the
00:07:12 --> 00:07:13 ways in which extremely strong
00:07:14 --> 00:07:15 gravitational fields such as those
00:07:15 --> 00:07:17 generated by a black hole can pull the
00:07:17 --> 00:07:20 surrounding fabric of SpaceTime with it
00:07:20 --> 00:07:21 now normally this effect wouldn't be
00:07:21 --> 00:07:23 obvious around a black hole because
00:07:23 --> 00:07:25 these objects normally don't emit any
00:07:25 --> 00:07:27 light that's why they're called black
00:07:27 --> 00:07:29 holes but in recent years phys physicist
00:07:29 --> 00:07:31 have proposed that in instances such as
00:07:31 --> 00:07:33 during a title disruption event
00:07:33 --> 00:07:35 scientists might have a chance to track
00:07:35 --> 00:07:37 the light from Stellar debris as it's
00:07:37 --> 00:07:40 being dragged around and using that they
00:07:40 --> 00:07:41 might be able to measure the black hole
00:07:41 --> 00:07:44 spin the idea is that during A tidle
00:07:44 --> 00:07:46 disruption event a star could fall onto
00:07:46 --> 00:07:47 a black hole from any direction
00:07:47 --> 00:07:49 generating a disc of wi hot shredded
00:07:49 --> 00:07:51 material that will be tilted or
00:07:51 --> 00:07:53 misaligned with respect to the black
00:07:53 --> 00:07:56 hole spin axis Basham says imagine the
00:07:56 --> 00:07:58 accretion disc is a tilted donut that's
00:07:58 --> 00:08:00 been spinning around the D donut hole
00:08:00 --> 00:08:02 and that donut hole has its own separate
00:08:02 --> 00:08:04 spin as the disc encounters the black
00:08:04 --> 00:08:07 hole spin it wobbles as the black hole
00:08:07 --> 00:08:09 pulls it into alignment now eventually
00:08:09 --> 00:08:11 the wobbling will subside as the
00:08:11 --> 00:08:12 accretion disc settles into the black
00:08:12 --> 00:08:15 hole spin scientists predicted that a
00:08:15 --> 00:08:17 title disruption events wobbling disc
00:08:17 --> 00:08:19 should therefore be a measurable
00:08:19 --> 00:08:21 signature of the black hole spin but the
00:08:21 --> 00:08:24 key to all this was to have the right
00:08:24 --> 00:08:26 observations you see the only way you
00:08:26 --> 00:08:28 can do all this is that as soon as a
00:08:28 --> 00:08:29 title disruption event goes on you need
00:08:30 --> 00:08:31 to get your telescope looking at the
00:08:31 --> 00:08:33 object continuously for really long
00:08:33 --> 00:08:35 periods of time so that you can probe
00:08:35 --> 00:08:37 all kinds of time scales ranging from
00:08:37 --> 00:08:41 minutes to months for the past 5 Years
00:08:41 --> 00:08:43 Pam and colleagues looked for title
00:08:43 --> 00:08:44 disruption events that were bright
00:08:44 --> 00:08:46 enough and near enough to quickly follow
00:08:46 --> 00:08:49 up and track for signs of lens during
00:08:49 --> 00:08:51 procession then in February 2020 they
00:08:51 --> 00:08:54 got lucky this Vicki transient facility
00:08:54 --> 00:08:58 detected at2020 ocn a bright flash
00:08:58 --> 00:08:59 emanating from a Galaxy about had a
00:08:59 --> 00:09:01 billion light years away that was
00:09:01 --> 00:09:03 instantly spotted in the telescope's
00:09:03 --> 00:09:06 optical band now from this Optical data
00:09:06 --> 00:09:07 The Flash appeared to be the very first
00:09:07 --> 00:09:09 moments following a title disruption
00:09:09 --> 00:09:12 event being both bright and relatively
00:09:12 --> 00:09:14 close by at least in cosmological terms
00:09:14 --> 00:09:16 Basham suspected that this particular
00:09:16 --> 00:09:18 title disruption event might be the
00:09:18 --> 00:09:20 ideal candidate to look for signs of
00:09:20 --> 00:09:22 disc wobbling and possibly even measure
00:09:22 --> 00:09:24 the spin of the black hole in the H
00:09:24 --> 00:09:27 Galaxy's core of course the key was
00:09:27 --> 00:09:29 catching this really early on because
00:09:29 --> 00:09:31 this procession or wobble would only be
00:09:31 --> 00:09:33 present early on any later and the disc
00:09:33 --> 00:09:35 wouldn't be wobbling anymore now luckily
00:09:35 --> 00:09:37 the authors discovered that NASA's nicer
00:09:37 --> 00:09:39 telescope was able to catch the tiess
00:09:39 --> 00:09:41 ruption event and continuously kept an
00:09:41 --> 00:09:43 eye on it over the following months
00:09:43 --> 00:09:46 niser the neutron star interior
00:09:46 --> 00:09:48 composition Explorer is an x-ray
00:09:48 --> 00:09:49 telescope mounted on the International
00:09:49 --> 00:09:52 Space Station it's used to measure x-ray
00:09:52 --> 00:09:54 radiation around black holes and Other
00:09:54 --> 00:09:57 Extreme gravitational objects bam and
00:09:57 --> 00:09:58 colleagues then looked through ni's
00:09:58 --> 00:10:02 observation of at2020 ocn over 200 days
00:10:02 --> 00:10:04 following the initial detection of the
00:10:04 --> 00:10:06 title disruption event they discovered
00:10:06 --> 00:10:08 that this event emitted x-rays that
00:10:08 --> 00:10:10 appeared to Peck every 15 days for
00:10:10 --> 00:10:12 several Cycles before eventually ping
00:10:12 --> 00:10:15 out now they're interpreting these Peaks
00:10:15 --> 00:10:17 as times when the title disruption of V
00:10:17 --> 00:10:19 secretion disc was wobbling face on
00:10:20 --> 00:10:22 meting x-rays directly towards NIS
00:10:22 --> 00:10:24 telescope before wobbling away as they
00:10:24 --> 00:10:26 continue to emit x-rays it's sort of
00:10:26 --> 00:10:28 similar to waving a flashlight towards
00:10:28 --> 00:10:31 and away from somebody every 15 days the
00:10:31 --> 00:10:33 authors then took this pattern of
00:10:33 --> 00:10:34 wobbling and worked it into their
00:10:34 --> 00:10:36 original theory for lens theing
00:10:36 --> 00:10:39 procession based on estimates the black
00:10:39 --> 00:10:40 hole's mass and that of the disrupted
00:10:40 --> 00:10:42 star they were able to come up with an
00:10:42 --> 00:10:44 estimate for the black hole spin less
00:10:44 --> 00:10:47 than 25% the speed of light these
00:10:47 --> 00:10:49 results Mark the first time that
00:10:49 --> 00:10:51 scientists have used observations of a
00:10:51 --> 00:10:53 wobbling disc following a title
00:10:53 --> 00:10:55 disruption event to estimate the spin of
00:10:55 --> 00:10:58 a super massive black hole more on this
00:10:58 --> 00:11:00 report from the Massachusetts Institute
00:11:00 --> 00:11:02 of Technology when a star passes too
00:11:02 --> 00:11:05 close to a massive black hole it can get
00:11:05 --> 00:11:08 shredded by tidal forces in the process
00:11:08 --> 00:11:11 a new misaligned accretion disc forms
00:11:11 --> 00:11:13 around the spinning black hole that is
00:11:13 --> 00:11:16 hot and emits mainly X-rays due to
00:11:16 --> 00:11:18 strong gravitational effects this
00:11:18 --> 00:11:20 misalign disc precesses and this
00:11:20 --> 00:11:23 manifests as quasi periodic brightness
00:11:23 --> 00:11:26 changes in the X-ray band over time the
00:11:26 --> 00:11:28 accretion disc will come into alignment
00:11:28 --> 00:11:30 and the changes in brightness of the
00:11:30 --> 00:11:31 x-rays will
00:11:31 --> 00:11:35 diminish astronomers led by DJ pasam
00:11:35 --> 00:11:36 have observed one such event that
00:11:37 --> 00:11:40 repeats every 15 days assuming these
00:11:40 --> 00:11:41 modulations are due to a general
00:11:41 --> 00:11:44 relativity induced Effect called lens
00:11:44 --> 00:11:46 during precession they estimate that the
00:11:46 --> 00:11:49 black hole is spinning and dragging the
00:11:49 --> 00:11:51 SpaceTime around it at a rate of less
00:11:51 --> 00:11:55 than 25% the speed of light this is
00:11:55 --> 00:11:57 spacetime still to come nessa's solar
00:11:58 --> 00:12:00 cell Mission tumbling in orbit and later
00:12:00 --> 00:12:03 in the science report stide found to
00:12:03 --> 00:12:05 reduce the risks of heart failure and
00:12:05 --> 00:12:07 dying from any cause including
00:12:07 --> 00:12:20 co9 all that and more still to come on
00:12:20 --> 00:12:26 [Music]
00:12:26 --> 00:12:28 SpaceTime Nessa says it's Advanced
00:12:28 --> 00:12:30 composite s s system spacecraft is
00:12:30 --> 00:12:32 currently tumbling or wobbling through
00:12:32 --> 00:12:35 space which may have impacted its orbit
00:12:35 --> 00:12:37 the mission successfully erected its
00:12:37 --> 00:12:39 foil solar cell in orbit last week after
00:12:39 --> 00:12:42 a failed attempt a few days earlier
00:12:42 --> 00:12:44 however observations show the spacecraft
00:12:44 --> 00:12:46 is now tumbling or wobbling in orbit the
00:12:46 --> 00:12:48 mission was designed to test a new type
00:12:48 --> 00:12:50 of solar sail one that could eventually
00:12:50 --> 00:12:53 Propel spacecraft using Photon pressure
00:12:53 --> 00:12:55 from the Sun this technology could one
00:12:55 --> 00:12:57 day transport spacecraft to the edge of
00:12:57 --> 00:12:59 the solar system and beyond faster and
00:12:59 --> 00:13:01 cheaper than existing chemical rocket
00:13:01 --> 00:13:04 engines this latest test known as acs3
00:13:04 --> 00:13:06 was launched aboard a rocket lab
00:13:06 --> 00:13:08 electron rocket from New Zealand's Maha
00:13:08 --> 00:13:11 Peninsula on April the 23rd the
00:13:11 --> 00:13:14 satellite was placed in a 965 km High
00:13:14 --> 00:13:17 lower orbit the mission uses a cell
00:13:17 --> 00:13:19 that's folded up stored aboard a
00:13:19 --> 00:13:22 microwave ovenized cubat spacecraft the
00:13:22 --> 00:13:24 solar cells deployed using a series of
00:13:24 --> 00:13:27 folding composite Booms that are 75%
00:13:27 --> 00:13:29 lighter and more resistant to solar
00:13:29 --> 00:13:31 radiation than those used on previous
00:13:31 --> 00:13:33 solar cell missions first attempts to
00:13:33 --> 00:13:36 unfill the 80 s m silver full solar cell
00:13:37 --> 00:13:39 back on August the 26th were abandoned
00:13:39 --> 00:13:41 after 25 minutes because onboard power
00:13:41 --> 00:13:43 monitors detected higher than expected
00:13:43 --> 00:13:46 motor currents after reviewing the issue
00:13:46 --> 00:13:47 a second more successful attempt was
00:13:47 --> 00:13:50 made last week images of the spacecraft
00:13:50 --> 00:13:52 from the ground confirmed the sale had
00:13:52 --> 00:13:55 properly deployed however they also
00:13:55 --> 00:13:56 showed that the spacecraft was
00:13:56 --> 00:13:58 dramatically brightening and dimming at
00:13:58 --> 00:14:00 regular interval suggesting that it was
00:14:00 --> 00:14:02 slowly tumbling or wobbling through
00:14:02 --> 00:14:05 space and its orbit has also shifted
00:14:05 --> 00:14:07 unexpectedly now right now Mission
00:14:07 --> 00:14:09 managers are claiming the tumbling
00:14:09 --> 00:14:11 wasn't unexpected and it's simply part
00:14:11 --> 00:14:13 of the plan Cale deployment sequence
00:14:13 --> 00:14:15 which they say should be corrected in
00:14:15 --> 00:14:18 coming weeks needless to say we'll keep
00:14:18 --> 00:14:21 an eye on it this SpaceTime
00:14:21 --> 00:14:37 [Music]
00:14:37 --> 00:14:38 and time now to take another brief look
00:14:38 --> 00:14:40 at some of the other stories making news
00:14:40 --> 00:14:42 in science this week with the science
00:14:42 --> 00:14:45 report a new study has shown that stide
00:14:45 --> 00:14:47 the diabetes drug that's now become best
00:14:47 --> 00:14:49 known for its weight loss properties can
00:14:49 --> 00:14:51 reduce the risk of heart failure events
00:14:51 --> 00:14:53 and cardiovascular death in people with
00:14:53 --> 00:14:56 diabetes and chronic kidney disease the
00:14:56 --> 00:14:58 findings reported in the Journal of the
00:14:58 --> 00:15:00 American College of Cardiology is based
00:15:00 --> 00:15:02 on an analysis of data from previous
00:15:02 --> 00:15:04 clinical research called the flow trial
00:15:04 --> 00:15:07 finding that stide could reduce the risk
00:15:07 --> 00:15:09 of heart failure by 27% and reduce the
00:15:09 --> 00:15:13 risk of death by any cause by 29% a
00:15:13 --> 00:15:15 second study in the same Journal found
00:15:15 --> 00:15:17 that seatide can also help improve the
00:15:17 --> 00:15:19 changes to heart structure associated
00:15:19 --> 00:15:21 with obesity which can often lead to
00:15:21 --> 00:15:23 heart failure the authors say this
00:15:23 --> 00:15:25 points to how the drug might be working
00:15:25 --> 00:15:28 to benefit people with obesity related
00:15:28 --> 00:15:30 heart failure
00:15:30 --> 00:15:31 meanwhile another study in the same
00:15:32 --> 00:15:34 Journal also looking at stide found that
00:15:34 --> 00:15:36 people who are overweight or obese have
00:15:36 --> 00:15:39 a reduced risk of dying from any cause
00:15:39 --> 00:15:41 by taking the drug including covid-19
00:15:41 --> 00:15:44 compared to those not taking weight loss
00:15:44 --> 00:15:46 medications the authors were looking at
00:15:46 --> 00:15:48 death data from some magti trials
00:15:48 --> 00:15:50 involving some 17 a half thousand
00:15:50 --> 00:15:52 participants over the age of 45 who were
00:15:52 --> 00:15:55 either overweight or obese half were
00:15:55 --> 00:15:58 randomized to receive stide weekly while
00:15:58 --> 00:16:00 the other half took Placebo over an
00:16:00 --> 00:16:02 average followup of just over 3 years
00:16:02 --> 00:16:06 researchers found that 833 patients died
00:16:06 --> 00:16:09 but participants taking stide had a far
00:16:09 --> 00:16:11 lower risk of death from any cause as
00:16:11 --> 00:16:13 well as from heart related deaths the
00:16:13 --> 00:16:15 most common non-heart related cause of
00:16:15 --> 00:16:16 death was from an infection and
00:16:17 --> 00:16:19 researchers say these also occurred at a
00:16:19 --> 00:16:21 lower rate in the seatide group
00:16:21 --> 00:16:24 participants taking seatide were just as
00:16:24 --> 00:16:26 likely to be infected with covid-19 as
00:16:26 --> 00:16:28 other patients but they were less likely
00:16:28 --> 00:16:30 to have serious complications or die as
00:16:30 --> 00:16:32 a result of the
00:16:32 --> 00:16:35 virus a new study claims current screen
00:16:35 --> 00:16:37 time before sleep recommendations for
00:16:37 --> 00:16:39 kids are neither achievable nor
00:16:39 --> 00:16:41 appropriate a report in the Journal of
00:16:41 --> 00:16:43 the American Medical Association claims
00:16:43 --> 00:16:45 the fightings are based on camera
00:16:45 --> 00:16:47 observations of kids over four
00:16:47 --> 00:16:49 consecutive nights measuring screen time
00:16:49 --> 00:16:53 before bed of 79 11 to 14 year olds they
00:16:53 --> 00:16:55 found that screen time in the 2 hours
00:16:55 --> 00:16:58 before bed had no association with most
00:16:58 --> 00:17:00 measures of sleep Health however screen
00:17:00 --> 00:17:02 time once in bed especially interactive
00:17:02 --> 00:17:04 activities such as playing games or
00:17:04 --> 00:17:06 multitasking was associated with less
00:17:06 --> 00:17:09 sleep the results indicate that current
00:17:09 --> 00:17:11 recommendations of absolutely no screen
00:17:11 --> 00:17:13 time in the 2 hours before sleep might
00:17:13 --> 00:17:16 be a bit much for kids and sleep effects
00:17:16 --> 00:17:18 may be more dependent on the type of
00:17:18 --> 00:17:20 screen time
00:17:20 --> 00:17:23 instead Apple's new iPhone 16's just
00:17:23 --> 00:17:25 been released with new design changes a
00:17:25 --> 00:17:28 new AI processor and upgraded cameras
00:17:28 --> 00:17:30 with the details we're joined by
00:17:30 --> 00:17:32 technology editor Alex Sahara Roy from
00:17:32 --> 00:17:35 Tech advice. life okay so the new iPhone
00:17:35 --> 00:17:37 16s have been launched you can go to
00:17:37 --> 00:17:40 apple.com and watch the live keynote you
00:17:40 --> 00:17:42 can go to youtube.com/ apppp and watch
00:17:42 --> 00:17:44 it there I highly recommend you do that
00:17:44 --> 00:17:46 got lots of AI now the problem with the
00:17:46 --> 00:17:48 AI is that a lot of the AI features
00:17:48 --> 00:17:51 won't come until 2025 that includes Siri
00:17:51 --> 00:17:53 version 2.0 where you can talk to Siri
00:17:53 --> 00:17:55 like you're talking with Chad GPT this
00:17:55 --> 00:17:57 is in Star contrast to Google whose new
00:17:57 --> 00:18:00 pixel 9 Pro Pro and the pro fall already
00:18:00 --> 00:18:02 have Gemini live and can do all the AI
00:18:02 --> 00:18:04 stuff out of the box straight away and
00:18:04 --> 00:18:05 in fact I've been playing with the new
00:18:05 --> 00:18:08 pixel9 Pro fold and it's glorious it's
00:18:08 --> 00:18:10 normal sized phone when it's folded shut
00:18:10 --> 00:18:12 but when it's opened up it's this
00:18:12 --> 00:18:14 beautiful thin device and apple is not
00:18:14 --> 00:18:15 scheduled to launch one of those until
00:18:15 --> 00:18:18 potentially 2026 or Beyond but they will
00:18:18 --> 00:18:20 want to have a screen that has no crease
00:18:20 --> 00:18:22 and Apple has also launched its new
00:18:22 --> 00:18:25 Apple watch 10 the 10 Series in enough
00:18:25 --> 00:18:27 and also the Apple watch Ultra 3 now
00:18:27 --> 00:18:29 have you done the Alexa test I haven't
00:18:29 --> 00:18:31 but I've seen a number of videos where
00:18:31 --> 00:18:33 you ask Alexa about President Trump and
00:18:33 --> 00:18:35 it's just oh sorry I can't get political
00:18:35 --> 00:18:37 and then you ask it about carela Harris
00:18:37 --> 00:18:39 and you get all this information about
00:18:39 --> 00:18:41 how she's a great person and already
00:18:41 --> 00:18:43 Alexa has apologized and said ah you
00:18:43 --> 00:18:45 know it was an error but it's a funny
00:18:45 --> 00:18:46 got that's the only reason they're
00:18:46 --> 00:18:48 apologizing well the thing is it's
00:18:48 --> 00:18:49 always funny have these erors always
00:18:49 --> 00:18:52 seems to go against Trump or against
00:18:52 --> 00:18:54 conservatives and for the Democrats so
00:18:54 --> 00:18:56 it's you know yet another case I mean
00:18:56 --> 00:18:58 grock came out straight away and was
00:18:58 --> 00:19:00 able to explain who both candidates were
00:19:00 --> 00:19:02 without any problems and there was
00:19:02 --> 00:19:04 another test I saw online where one of
00:19:04 --> 00:19:05 the posters on X was giving a
00:19:05 --> 00:19:08 description of basically a democratic
00:19:08 --> 00:19:10 socialist/communist type of government
00:19:10 --> 00:19:12 and initially chat gbt was according to
00:19:12 --> 00:19:14 this poster giving all sorts of weird
00:19:14 --> 00:19:16 answers but grock straight away said
00:19:16 --> 00:19:18 well this is basically a communist type
00:19:18 --> 00:19:20 of government so other people came along
00:19:20 --> 00:19:21 and they asked chat GPT and it seemed to
00:19:21 --> 00:19:23 be giving you know more intelligent
00:19:23 --> 00:19:24 answers but we're definitely living in
00:19:24 --> 00:19:28 this strange time where the AI is being
00:19:28 --> 00:19:30 programmed by somebody else and you
00:19:30 --> 00:19:32 can't go in yourself yet and determine
00:19:32 --> 00:19:34 whether you want your AI to have a
00:19:34 --> 00:19:36 totally neutral band or for it to look
00:19:36 --> 00:19:39 at why doesn't Jeff Bezos simply sack
00:19:39 --> 00:19:40 these idiots who are doing this
00:19:40 --> 00:19:42 programming is it reflects badly on his
00:19:42 --> 00:19:45 company well it does but he's now
00:19:45 --> 00:19:47 basically retired he's doing other
00:19:47 --> 00:19:49 things his blue origin I mean he's not
00:19:49 --> 00:19:51 involved in the day to-day at Amazon
00:19:51 --> 00:19:52 anymore no he's not going in here either
00:19:52 --> 00:19:55 but he does have a CEO and you know the
00:19:55 --> 00:19:56 CEO is looking after these things but
00:19:56 --> 00:19:58 the problem is that sometimes the CEO
00:19:58 --> 00:20:00 might of one political flavor and yet
00:20:00 --> 00:20:02 the people working for them are of the
00:20:02 --> 00:20:03 other and that's what happened to
00:20:03 --> 00:20:05 Twitter I mean Elon Musk was able to
00:20:05 --> 00:20:08 sack 80% of the stuff and X is running
00:20:08 --> 00:20:09 better than ever in fact they just
00:20:09 --> 00:20:11 launched the X app for your TV if you
00:20:11 --> 00:20:13 have a smart TV you can now download X
00:20:13 --> 00:20:16 and this is going to be changing X into
00:20:16 --> 00:20:18 more of a video platform just like
00:20:18 --> 00:20:20 YouTube is this fantastic repository of
00:20:20 --> 00:20:22 all this incredible knowledge so too
00:20:22 --> 00:20:24 will X become that sort of a platform
00:20:24 --> 00:20:25 too I mean you can do it now but now
00:20:25 --> 00:20:27 with the X app you can uh fire it up on
00:20:27 --> 00:20:29 your TV use your remote control and be
00:20:29 --> 00:20:31 watching many of the things there are so
00:20:31 --> 00:20:34 many different Live Events and people's
00:20:34 --> 00:20:36 channels are now on X I'm actually going
00:20:36 --> 00:20:39 to be doing more x videos myself as well
00:20:39 --> 00:20:40 as publishing it to YouTube and Rumble
00:20:41 --> 00:20:42 but there's lots of movement happening
00:20:42 --> 00:20:44 and we you know we still haven't seen
00:20:44 --> 00:20:46 grock version 3 now Elon Musk just
00:20:46 --> 00:20:51 announced Colossus which is 100 h100
00:20:51 --> 00:20:54 Nvidia chips it was completed in 122
00:20:54 --> 00:20:55 days and it will be training grock
00:20:55 --> 00:20:58 version 3 grock 2 the beta version and
00:20:58 --> 00:21:00 the be Rock 2 mini has you know now been
00:21:00 --> 00:21:02 launched if you've got X and you pay for
00:21:02 --> 00:21:03 the premium you can play with it but the
00:21:03 --> 00:21:07 whole impact of AI 2025 is going to see
00:21:07 --> 00:21:08 massive changes in how we use our
00:21:09 --> 00:21:10 computers and technology and interact
00:21:10 --> 00:21:12 with AI on pretty much every platform
00:21:12 --> 00:21:15 that's Alex Zahara Roy from Tech advice
00:21:15 --> 00:21:17 start life
00:21:17 --> 00:21:26 [Music]
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