Source:
https://www.spreaker.com/episode/s27e111-kuiper-belt-s-hidden-secrets-unequal-martian-ice-caps-and-artemis-iii-s-lunar-journey--61322538
SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 111 *Evidence of Unexpected Population of Kuiper Belt Objects A new study has detected an unexpected population of very distant bodies in the Kuiper Belt, an outer region of the solar system populated by ancient remnants of planetary building blocks lying beyond the orbit of Neptune. *The Martian polar caps are not created equally A new study has confirmed that the Martian polar ice caps are evolving very differently from each other. *Artemis III service module on its way to NASA The European Space Agency’s Artemis III service module destined for use on the historic mission that will return humans to the lunar surface in 2026 is about to commence its journey to the Kennedy Space Center. *The Science Report Bird flu now spreading on Antarctica’s South Georgia island and the Falkland Islands. Finding New Zealand’s original native animals. Australian HIV levels continue to drop. https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com https://www.bitesz.com/show/spacetime/
00:00:00 --> 00:00:03 this is spacetime series 27 episode 111
00:00:03 --> 00:00:05 for broadcast on the 13th of September
00:00:05 --> 00:00:09 2024 coming up on SpaceTime evidence of
00:00:09 --> 00:00:11 an unexpected population of ker belt
00:00:11 --> 00:00:14 objects a new study shows the Martian
00:00:14 --> 00:00:17 polar ice caps are not created equally
00:00:17 --> 00:00:19 and Europe's new emus 3 service module
00:00:19 --> 00:00:21 which will be used for man's return to
00:00:21 --> 00:00:23 the lunar surface is now on its W in
00:00:23 --> 00:00:28 NASA all that and more coming up on
00:00:28 --> 00:00:31 SpaceTime welcome to SpaceTime with
00:00:31 --> 00:00:33 steuart
00:00:33 --> 00:00:40 [Music]
00:00:47 --> 00:00:49 Gary a new study has detected an
00:00:49 --> 00:00:52 unexpected population of very distant
00:00:52 --> 00:00:54 bodies in the ker belt the findings
00:00:54 --> 00:00:56 reported in the planetary science
00:00:56 --> 00:00:57 journal of the American Astronomical
00:00:57 --> 00:00:59 Society and on the prepress physics
00:00:59 --> 00:01:02 website archive.org are based on data
00:01:02 --> 00:01:04 collected by NASA's New Horizons kbuilt
00:01:04 --> 00:01:07 search team using the 8.2 M Subaru
00:01:07 --> 00:01:10 telescope in Hawaii the Kyer belt is a
00:01:10 --> 00:01:13 distant ring of icy objects Frozen
00:01:13 --> 00:01:16 debris and comets which circles the sun
00:01:16 --> 00:01:18 beyond the orbit of Neptune but these
00:01:18 --> 00:01:20 new findings mean the Kyer belt May
00:01:20 --> 00:01:23 extend much further into deep space than
00:01:23 --> 00:01:25 formerly thought or alternatively
00:01:25 --> 00:01:27 there's a second separate Kyer built
00:01:27 --> 00:01:28 beyond the one observationally
00:01:28 --> 00:01:31 discovered back in the 19 1990s it
00:01:31 --> 00:01:33 implies that the New Horizon spacecraft
00:01:33 --> 00:01:35 which is now some 60 times further from
00:01:35 --> 00:01:37 the Sun than the Earth hasn't yet left
00:01:37 --> 00:01:39 the Kyer built as earlier thought the
00:01:39 --> 00:01:41 study's lead author wiiz Fraser from the
00:01:41 --> 00:01:43 national research Council of Canada says
00:01:43 --> 00:01:45 the solar systems Kyper built long
00:01:45 --> 00:01:47 appeared to be very small in comparison
00:01:47 --> 00:01:49 with many other planetary systems but
00:01:49 --> 00:01:51 these new results suggest that ID May
00:01:51 --> 00:01:53 simply have Arisen due to observational
00:01:53 --> 00:01:56 bias he says the Subaru observations
00:01:56 --> 00:01:58 searched down to fainter detection
00:01:58 --> 00:02:00 limits finding a sign ific Kyer built
00:02:00 --> 00:02:03 Mass it's 70 to 90 times further from
00:02:03 --> 00:02:05 the Sun than the Earth so if this new
00:02:05 --> 00:02:07 results confirmed it means the Kyer
00:02:07 --> 00:02:09 built isn't all that smaller than usual
00:02:09 --> 00:02:11 after all when compared to those around
00:02:11 --> 00:02:13 other stars one possibility is that this
00:02:14 --> 00:02:16 new population of keru objects could
00:02:16 --> 00:02:18 simply be a dynamically resonant
00:02:18 --> 00:02:20 population with Neptune gravitationally
00:02:20 --> 00:02:22 affecting these keru objects in just the
00:02:22 --> 00:02:24 right way to cause their orbital period
00:02:24 --> 00:02:26 to be a precise multiple of Neptune's
00:02:26 --> 00:02:28 orbital period alternatively however
00:02:28 --> 00:02:31 this new population of hyperb objects
00:02:31 --> 00:02:33 May challenge some aspects of current
00:02:33 --> 00:02:35 models of the Solar System's formation
00:02:35 --> 00:02:37 suggesting that the disc of
00:02:37 --> 00:02:38 protoplanetary material from which the
00:02:38 --> 00:02:41 solar system was formed must have been
00:02:41 --> 00:02:44 much larger than previously thought this
00:02:44 --> 00:02:47 is spacetime still to come the Martian
00:02:47 --> 00:02:49 polar ice caps found not to have been
00:02:49 --> 00:02:52 created equally after all and the atmus
00:02:53 --> 00:02:55 3 service module which will help power
00:02:55 --> 00:02:57 humankind's Return To The Moon surface
00:02:57 --> 00:03:00 now on its way to NASA all that and more
00:03:00 --> 00:03:02 still to come on
00:03:02 --> 00:03:17 [Music]
00:03:17 --> 00:03:19 SpaceTime a new study has confirmed that
00:03:19 --> 00:03:21 the Martian polar ice caps are evolving
00:03:22 --> 00:03:24 very differently from each other people
00:03:24 --> 00:03:26 have observed the bright Marsh and poles
00:03:26 --> 00:03:28 wax and wi for centuries but it's really
00:03:29 --> 00:03:30 only been in the last 50 years that
00:03:30 --> 00:03:32 scientists discovered that they're
00:03:32 --> 00:03:34 almost comprised completely of carbon
00:03:34 --> 00:03:36 dioxide which is cycling in and out of
00:03:36 --> 00:03:38 the Martian atmosphere to the rhythm of
00:03:38 --> 00:03:41 the red planet Seasons this new study in
00:03:41 --> 00:03:43 the Journal eus shows that exactly how
00:03:43 --> 00:03:45 this happens is a far more complex
00:03:45 --> 00:03:47 interplay of processes which scientists
00:03:47 --> 00:03:49 are only now starting to gradually tease
00:03:49 --> 00:03:51 out the findings are based on
00:03:51 --> 00:03:53 observations by the highresolution
00:03:53 --> 00:03:55 Imaging experiment or high-rise
00:03:55 --> 00:03:57 instrument on NASA's Ms reconnaissance
00:03:57 --> 00:04:00 orbit of spacecraft it compared how two
00:04:00 --> 00:04:02 Martian poles differ in their seasonal
00:04:02 --> 00:04:04 uptake and release of carbon dioxide the
00:04:05 --> 00:04:06 study's lead author Candace Hansen from
00:04:06 --> 00:04:08 the planetary Science Institute says the
00:04:08 --> 00:04:10 goal of the study was to shed light on
00:04:10 --> 00:04:12 the processes which shape the planet's
00:04:12 --> 00:04:14 surface as well as Mars's overall
00:04:14 --> 00:04:16 climate since Mars Cycles about a
00:04:16 --> 00:04:18 quarter of its atmosphere throughout the
00:04:18 --> 00:04:21 Martian year like Earth's 23 and2 degree
00:04:21 --> 00:04:24 tilt Mars also spins on a tilted axis
00:04:24 --> 00:04:27 about 25° and so consequently it
00:04:27 --> 00:04:29 experiences Seasons but Mars has is a
00:04:29 --> 00:04:31 much longer path around the sun it's
00:04:32 --> 00:04:33 also far more eccentric than the earth
00:04:33 --> 00:04:35 in other words its orbits far more
00:04:35 --> 00:04:38 elongated now if Mars's path around the
00:04:38 --> 00:04:40 Sun was a perfect circle then all of its
00:04:40 --> 00:04:43 Seasons would be equally long but its
00:04:43 --> 00:04:45 eccentricity situates Mars further from
00:04:45 --> 00:04:47 the Sun during the southern hemisphere
00:04:47 --> 00:04:48 autumn and winter which is
00:04:48 --> 00:04:50 simultaneously the marsh and Northern
00:04:50 --> 00:04:52 Hemisphere spring and summer that makes
00:04:52 --> 00:04:54 these seasons for each hemisphere the
00:04:54 --> 00:04:57 longest for the planet now another point
00:04:57 --> 00:04:58 to remember is that Mars's southern
00:04:59 --> 00:05:01 hemispheres also significantly more
00:05:01 --> 00:05:03 elevated than the Northern Hemisphere
00:05:03 --> 00:05:04 much of which is thought to have once
00:05:04 --> 00:05:07 been part of a great ocean so ultimately
00:05:07 --> 00:05:09 the southern autumn and winter on Mars
00:05:09 --> 00:05:11 bring about most of the freezing and
00:05:11 --> 00:05:13 lowest atmospheric pressure since so
00:05:13 --> 00:05:15 much of the atmosphere is Frozen as dry
00:05:15 --> 00:05:18 ice at this time and these are the major
00:05:18 --> 00:05:20 drivers of the differences in seasonal
00:05:20 --> 00:05:22 behavior of carbon dioxide between the
00:05:22 --> 00:05:25 two redplanet hemispheres Now by
00:05:25 --> 00:05:27 contrast the Martian Northern winter is
00:05:27 --> 00:05:29 not only a lot shorter than the southern
00:05:29 --> 00:05:31 winter but also coincides with dust
00:05:31 --> 00:05:34 storm season so as a result the northern
00:05:34 --> 00:05:36 polar seasonal ice cap contains a much
00:05:36 --> 00:05:37 higher concentration of dust in the
00:05:37 --> 00:05:39 southern polar ice cap making the is
00:05:39 --> 00:05:42 less robust and differences in the
00:05:42 --> 00:05:44 northern and southern polar terrains
00:05:44 --> 00:05:46 also impact how carbon dioxide ice and
00:05:46 --> 00:05:49 gas escape the landscape for example in
00:05:49 --> 00:05:51 the southern hemisphere black dust fans
00:05:51 --> 00:05:54 distribute across the landscape a layer
00:05:54 --> 00:05:56 of carbon dioxide ice builds up in the
00:05:56 --> 00:05:58 southern hemisphere's Autumn and over
00:05:58 --> 00:05:59 the course of the winter it thickens and
00:06:00 --> 00:06:01 becomes more
00:06:01 --> 00:06:03 translucent then in the spring the sun
00:06:03 --> 00:06:05 comes up and the light penetrates the
00:06:05 --> 00:06:07 ice layer to the bottom enough that it
00:06:07 --> 00:06:09 warms up the ground underneath the ice
00:06:09 --> 00:06:11 sheet this warm ground then turns the
00:06:11 --> 00:06:14 carbon dioxide ice into a gas a process
00:06:14 --> 00:06:16 called sublimation now this gas being
00:06:16 --> 00:06:18 trapped under pressure is going to look
00:06:18 --> 00:06:20 for any weak spots in the ice and then
00:06:20 --> 00:06:23 rupture through it like a champagne corg
00:06:23 --> 00:06:25 as soon as it finds a weak spot the ice
00:06:25 --> 00:06:27 ruptures and then gas rushes out to the
00:06:27 --> 00:06:29 breake carving the surface of the weak
00:06:29 --> 00:06:32 spot along the way and that creates a
00:06:32 --> 00:06:34 network of Gully channels that splay out
00:06:34 --> 00:06:36 across the landscape these are called
00:06:36 --> 00:06:38 arani forms because of their spider-like
00:06:38 --> 00:06:40 appearance once the gas breaks through
00:06:41 --> 00:06:43 the ice it blows dark dust into the
00:06:43 --> 00:06:45 atmosphere it turns out that meteorology
00:06:45 --> 00:06:47 is really important in this picture as
00:06:47 --> 00:06:50 well that's because from there the dust
00:06:50 --> 00:06:51 is blown by whatever winds happen to be
00:06:51 --> 00:06:54 present Landing in a fan-shaped deposit
00:06:54 --> 00:06:57 geophysicist Yuka first described this
00:06:57 --> 00:07:00 process in 2006 a few years later Hansen
00:07:00 --> 00:07:02 followed up with her own model of the
00:07:02 --> 00:07:04 northern polar ice cap which also
00:07:04 --> 00:07:06 displays these fans in the spring she
00:07:06 --> 00:07:08 found that the same phenoma was
00:07:08 --> 00:07:10 occurring in the north but rather than
00:07:10 --> 00:07:12 relatively flat terrain these processes
00:07:12 --> 00:07:15 play out across sand Junes Hansen says
00:07:15 --> 00:07:17 that when the sun comes up and begins to
00:07:17 --> 00:07:18 sublimate the bottom of the ice layer
00:07:18 --> 00:07:20 there are three weak spots one at the
00:07:20 --> 00:07:22 crest of the June one at the bottom of
00:07:22 --> 00:07:24 the June where it meets the surface and
00:07:24 --> 00:07:26 then the ice itself can crack along the
00:07:26 --> 00:07:29 slope no erform terrains have been
00:07:29 --> 00:07:30 detected in the north because although
00:07:30 --> 00:07:33 shallow fires develop the wind winds up
00:07:33 --> 00:07:35 smoothing the sand on the
00:07:35 --> 00:07:38 Junes this is spacetime still to come
00:07:38 --> 00:07:41 the emus 3 service module on its way to
00:07:41 --> 00:07:43 NASA to prepare for man's return to the
00:07:43 --> 00:07:45 lunar surface and later in the science
00:07:45 --> 00:07:46 report a bit of good news with
00:07:46 --> 00:07:50 Australian HIV levels continuing to drop
00:07:50 --> 00:07:52 all that and more still to come on
00:07:52 --> 00:07:57 SpaceTime
00:07:57 --> 00:08:08 [Music]
00:08:08 --> 00:08:10 the European space agency's emus 3
00:08:10 --> 00:08:12 service module destined for use on the
00:08:12 --> 00:08:14 historic mission that will return humans
00:08:14 --> 00:08:16 to the lunar surface in 20126 has
00:08:16 --> 00:08:18 commenced its Journey to the Kennedy
00:08:18 --> 00:08:20 Space Center it marks a critical
00:08:20 --> 00:08:22 milestone for the third European service
00:08:22 --> 00:08:23 module
00:08:23 --> 00:08:26 esm3 the model was manufactured in Italy
00:08:26 --> 00:08:28 it was then assembled at the Airbus
00:08:28 --> 00:08:30 Factory in bremond Germany with
00:08:30 --> 00:08:31 components sourced from over 20
00:08:32 --> 00:08:34 companies across more than 10 European
00:08:34 --> 00:08:36 countries it's now making its way to the
00:08:36 --> 00:08:37 Kennedy Space Center aboard the
00:08:37 --> 00:08:39 transport ship Kopi a journey of
00:08:39 --> 00:08:41 approximately 12 days across the North
00:08:41 --> 00:08:44 Atlantic Ocean the European service
00:08:44 --> 00:08:47 module is an entral component of NASA's
00:08:47 --> 00:08:50 Orion spacecraft it provides power
00:08:50 --> 00:08:52 propulsion and life support systems for
00:08:52 --> 00:08:53 the astronauts during their deep space
00:08:53 --> 00:08:56 mission to the moon and back this marks
00:08:56 --> 00:08:58 the third such module delivered by Isa
00:08:58 --> 00:09:00 and follows the success emus 1 Mission
00:09:00 --> 00:09:03 and ongoing preparations for emus 2
00:09:03 --> 00:09:05 that'll launch next year on the first
00:09:05 --> 00:09:07 mission to take astronauts around the
00:09:07 --> 00:09:09 moon since the days of Apollo the
00:09:09 --> 00:09:12 Journey of asm3 began in tourin at the
00:09:12 --> 00:09:14 phis elenia space facility where the
00:09:14 --> 00:09:16 module structural backbone was
00:09:16 --> 00:09:18 constructed this complex structure
00:09:18 --> 00:09:21 supports 11 km of wiring 33 Thruster
00:09:21 --> 00:09:23 engines four tanks of propellant as well
00:09:23 --> 00:09:25 as solar arrays that can generate enough
00:09:25 --> 00:09:28 electricity to power two homes following
00:09:28 --> 00:09:30 its final assem in brayman the module's
00:09:30 --> 00:09:32 main engine one with the legacy of nine
00:09:32 --> 00:09:34 space shuttle missions was installed
00:09:34 --> 00:09:37 earlier this year upon arrival at the
00:09:37 --> 00:09:39 Kennedy Space Center esm3 will be
00:09:39 --> 00:09:41 integrated into the crew module adapter
00:09:41 --> 00:09:43 and then the crew module itself
00:09:43 --> 00:09:45 extensive testing will then follow to
00:09:45 --> 00:09:47 ensure everything's in Readiness for the
00:09:47 --> 00:09:49 emus 3 mission which aims to land
00:09:49 --> 00:09:51 astronauts on the moon near its South
00:09:51 --> 00:09:53 Pole sometime in
00:09:53 --> 00:09:56 20126 it'll be the first time humans
00:09:56 --> 00:09:58 have returned to the lunar surface in
00:09:58 --> 00:10:00 over 50 years
00:10:00 --> 00:10:03 this report from E TV that's one small
00:10:03 --> 00:10:08 step for man one Le for man for over 50
00:10:08 --> 00:10:11 years we've been inspired by the first
00:10:11 --> 00:10:13 humans to walk on the moon now the
00:10:13 --> 00:10:15 European space agency and NASA are
00:10:15 --> 00:10:17 working together on a modern-day version
00:10:17 --> 00:10:20 of the Apollo program called emus it
00:10:20 --> 00:10:22 will put astronauts back on the lunar
00:10:22 --> 00:10:25 surface the Apollo missions have mainly
00:10:25 --> 00:10:27 landed in the illuminated equatorial
00:10:27 --> 00:10:29 area of the moon but there are much more
00:10:29 --> 00:10:31 interesting areas to be explored like
00:10:31 --> 00:10:33 the poles and like the dark side of the
00:10:33 --> 00:10:36 moon the today most visible European
00:10:36 --> 00:10:38 contribution to lunar exploration
00:10:38 --> 00:10:40 programs is the easer developed service
00:10:40 --> 00:10:43 module the propulsion and power module
00:10:43 --> 00:10:45 of the emus crew module the European
00:10:45 --> 00:10:48 service module or esm is the heart of
00:10:48 --> 00:10:51 the Artemus spacecraft it will provide
00:10:51 --> 00:10:54 electricity Water and Air to NASA's
00:10:54 --> 00:10:56 Orion crew capsule as well as
00:10:56 --> 00:10:59 maintaining temperature for life support
00:10:59 --> 00:11:01 its engines will provide propulsion and
00:11:01 --> 00:11:03 navigation control for the journey to
00:11:03 --> 00:11:05 the moon and back EA's industrial
00:11:05 --> 00:11:08 partner Airbus has already built two
00:11:08 --> 00:11:10 service modules for Orion with Hardware
00:11:10 --> 00:11:13 from companies throughout Europe timus 3
00:11:13 --> 00:11:16 will see a woman and a man walk on the
00:11:16 --> 00:11:18 lunar surface continuing where the
00:11:18 --> 00:11:21 Apollo program left off half a century
00:11:21 --> 00:11:25 ago we have companies in 10 countries
00:11:25 --> 00:11:28 helping to put this esm together and
00:11:28 --> 00:11:30 actually there are hundreds and
00:11:30 --> 00:11:32 thousands of people working within
00:11:33 --> 00:11:35 Airbus but all in our partner companies
00:11:35 --> 00:11:38 to make this endeavor a successful
00:11:38 --> 00:11:40 Mission this joint step towards
00:11:40 --> 00:11:42 revisiting the lunar surface will
00:11:42 --> 00:11:44 continue the long-standing tradition of
00:11:44 --> 00:11:47 international cooperation in space space
00:11:47 --> 00:11:48 is one of the best examples for
00:11:49 --> 00:11:51 international cooperation in terms of
00:11:51 --> 00:11:54 science and technology our ISS is a
00:11:55 --> 00:11:57 multinational project and we've seen a
00:11:57 --> 00:12:00 lot of projects there that really bring
00:12:00 --> 00:12:02 together the whole community in terms of
00:12:02 --> 00:12:06 um space and exploration and um to do
00:12:06 --> 00:12:09 this work together as scientists working
00:12:09 --> 00:12:12 on the same aim working for mankind the
00:12:12 --> 00:12:14 next two flights of the emus program
00:12:14 --> 00:12:17 will be crude Luna missions with power
00:12:17 --> 00:12:19 propulsion and life support also
00:12:19 --> 00:12:21 provided by the second and third
00:12:21 --> 00:12:24 European service modules the Moon is
00:12:24 --> 00:12:26 really our eighth continent and it's
00:12:26 --> 00:12:28 there to be discovered astronauts
00:12:28 --> 00:12:30 engineers and scientists are very
00:12:30 --> 00:12:32 excited to go to the Moon because it's
00:12:32 --> 00:12:35 um pure exploration it's uh discovering
00:12:35 --> 00:12:38 Terra incognita we would go to Regions
00:12:38 --> 00:12:42 that were never been well explored by a
00:12:42 --> 00:12:45 human uh neither robotically nor in
00:12:45 --> 00:12:47 person and in that report from ecv we
00:12:47 --> 00:12:49 heard from Nico detman head of
00:12:49 --> 00:12:51 development of human robotic Exploration
00:12:51 --> 00:12:53 with the European Space Agency as well
00:12:53 --> 00:12:55 as Andreas hammer head of development
00:12:55 --> 00:12:57 and human robotics Exploration with
00:12:57 --> 00:13:00 Airbus class Peter will the chair of the
00:13:00 --> 00:13:01 aviation and space group in the German
00:13:01 --> 00:13:05 bundestag and Isa astronaut Alexander
00:13:05 --> 00:13:07 GST this is space
00:13:07 --> 00:13:17 [Music]
00:13:23 --> 00:13:25 time and time now to take another brief
00:13:25 --> 00:13:27 look at some of the other stories making
00:13:27 --> 00:13:28 news in science this week with the
00:13:28 --> 00:13:31 science report new research has detailed
00:13:31 --> 00:13:33 how the highly pathogenic avien flu
00:13:33 --> 00:13:36 virus h5n1 has spread rapidly into
00:13:36 --> 00:13:39 Wildlife on South Georgia island off the
00:13:39 --> 00:13:41 coast of Mainland Antarctica as well as
00:13:41 --> 00:13:44 the Forkland Islands further north the
00:13:44 --> 00:13:45 findings reported in the journal Nature
00:13:45 --> 00:13:47 Communications claims The Fragile
00:13:47 --> 00:13:49 ecosystem of the islands had been free
00:13:49 --> 00:13:51 of the virus until it was first detected
00:13:51 --> 00:13:55 there during the summer of 20122 23
00:13:55 --> 00:13:57 genetic assessment found the virus had
00:13:57 --> 00:13:59 spread from South America like through
00:13:59 --> 00:14:01 migratory birds and infected a range of
00:14:01 --> 00:14:03 local birds such as black fared
00:14:03 --> 00:14:06 Albatross skewers kelp gos and even two
00:14:06 --> 00:14:09 seal species however based on their
00:14:09 --> 00:14:11 findings the authors say there's no
00:14:11 --> 00:14:12 clear evidence that the virus is
00:14:12 --> 00:14:16 adapting to be better at infecting
00:14:16 --> 00:14:18 mammals a new study has concluded that
00:14:18 --> 00:14:20 New Zealand's first animal species were
00:14:21 --> 00:14:23 likely kakapo small Rens bats and
00:14:23 --> 00:14:25 freshwater limpets rather than more
00:14:26 --> 00:14:28 recent Australian immigrants like kiwi
00:14:28 --> 00:14:32 birds MOA and takak the findings
00:14:32 --> 00:14:34 reported in the journal geobios based on
00:14:34 --> 00:14:36 detailed Studies by paleontologist
00:14:36 --> 00:14:38 following some two decades of
00:14:38 --> 00:14:39 groundbreaking research at the St
00:14:39 --> 00:14:43 beans's fossil site in central atago the
00:14:43 --> 00:14:45 new paper summarizes the extraordinary
00:14:45 --> 00:14:46 creatures that have been discovered at
00:14:46 --> 00:14:49 the dig site since 2001 including a
00:14:49 --> 00:14:52 giant parrot two mystery mammals as well
00:14:52 --> 00:14:55 as flamingos A 3M crocodile a giant horn
00:14:55 --> 00:14:58 turtle and a giant bat it also reveals
00:14:58 --> 00:15:00 that bir Birds once thought to be the
00:15:00 --> 00:15:01 oldest representatives of New Zealand
00:15:01 --> 00:15:04 fora like kiwi and MOA are in fact more
00:15:04 --> 00:15:08 recent arrivals from across the ditch in
00:15:08 --> 00:15:10 Australia a new study has confirmed that
00:15:10 --> 00:15:13 over the last decade HIV diagnoses in
00:15:13 --> 00:15:15 Australia have continued to follow a
00:15:15 --> 00:15:18 downward Trend despite an isolated
00:15:18 --> 00:15:20 increase last year the findings are
00:15:20 --> 00:15:22 based on new data from the Kirby
00:15:22 --> 00:15:24 Institute at the University of New South
00:15:24 --> 00:15:26 Wales which show that overall HIV
00:15:26 --> 00:15:28 diagnoses have reduced by over a third
00:15:29 --> 00:15:31 over the last decade with diagnoses
00:15:31 --> 00:15:33 dropping by almost 2/3 among
00:15:33 --> 00:15:36 australian-born gay and bisexual men but
00:15:36 --> 00:15:40 in 2023 722 new H diagnoses were
00:15:40 --> 00:15:44 reported that's up from 553 in 2022 but
00:15:44 --> 00:15:45 it was still a lower number of annual
00:15:46 --> 00:15:49 cases compared to prepandemic levels
00:15:49 --> 00:15:51 however in the past 10 years diagnosis
00:15:51 --> 00:15:52 have increased slightly among people
00:15:52 --> 00:15:54 living with HIV acquired through
00:15:54 --> 00:15:57 heterosexual sex and among people born
00:15:57 --> 00:16:00 overseas the data also so shows that HIV
00:16:00 --> 00:16:02 cases have remained stable among
00:16:02 --> 00:16:05 Aboriginal and torist straight Islander
00:16:05 --> 00:16:07 people and time now for what must be the
00:16:07 --> 00:16:10 silliest story of the week Paranormal
00:16:10 --> 00:16:12 Investigator Ron Halliday has put his
00:16:12 --> 00:16:14 own spin on Eric Van Dakin's Chariots of
00:16:14 --> 00:16:16 the Gods claims that aliens built the
00:16:16 --> 00:16:19 pyramids instead claiming that two
00:16:19 --> 00:16:20 famous Scottish archaeological sites on
00:16:21 --> 00:16:23 Anne were intended as protection from
00:16:23 --> 00:16:27 nuclear war in a battle with aliens and
00:16:27 --> 00:16:28 it's not just the north of Scotland
00:16:28 --> 00:16:30 holiday colleagues think monoliths and
00:16:30 --> 00:16:31 monuments dotted across the British
00:16:31 --> 00:16:33 Isles could also have been built to fend
00:16:33 --> 00:16:36 off extraterrestrial Terror Tim menum
00:16:36 --> 00:16:38 from Austrian skeptic says as with all
00:16:38 --> 00:16:41 good UFO theories Halliday insists
00:16:41 --> 00:16:43 there's been a massive cover up ancient
00:16:43 --> 00:16:44 monuments in Scotland there's been a
00:16:44 --> 00:16:46 suggestion by one particular Paranormal
00:16:46 --> 00:16:48 Investigator that various ancient
00:16:48 --> 00:16:50 monuments in Scotland have actually been
00:16:50 --> 00:16:53 put up there to protect us from nuclear
00:16:53 --> 00:16:55 war and it's indication of an ancient
00:16:55 --> 00:16:57 battle with aliens now the interesting
00:16:57 --> 00:16:59 thing is the two sites that are named in
00:16:59 --> 00:17:03 this article are Scarab and maow both of
00:17:03 --> 00:17:05 which in ory on the islands is north of
00:17:05 --> 00:17:07 Jon gr not the mainland Scotland and as
00:17:07 --> 00:17:08 it happens I've been to both of those
00:17:08 --> 00:17:10 places and I've got a little broches
00:17:10 --> 00:17:12 right in front of me actually about Scar
00:17:12 --> 00:17:14 and Ma house and neither of them look
00:17:14 --> 00:17:16 particularly suitable to protection from
00:17:16 --> 00:17:18 nuclear war or it's indication of an
00:17:18 --> 00:17:21 ancient battle with aliens scar bra is a
00:17:21 --> 00:17:23 excavated Village almost like a whole
00:17:23 --> 00:17:25 little houses that were built into a
00:17:25 --> 00:17:27 dune in a way or was some sort of hcky
00:17:27 --> 00:17:29 area near the water and they sort of
00:17:29 --> 00:17:31 join up together there's little paths
00:17:31 --> 00:17:32 between them but it's really almost like
00:17:32 --> 00:17:34 it's a very very big house or a lot of
00:17:34 --> 00:17:35 little houses and they're joined
00:17:35 --> 00:17:37 together it was covered by the sand
00:17:37 --> 00:17:39 eventually people left people found
00:17:39 --> 00:17:40 something else better to do somewhere
00:17:40 --> 00:17:42 better to live than in the top of Al
00:17:42 --> 00:17:44 where it's very cold and windy so they
00:17:44 --> 00:17:45 abandoned this place and it got covered
00:17:45 --> 00:17:47 in sand and was discovered later on and
00:17:47 --> 00:17:49 dug up no indication of anything any
00:17:49 --> 00:17:51 nuclear war about it or battle with
00:17:51 --> 00:17:53 aliens maow is one of those hilic tombs
00:17:54 --> 00:17:55 very big one very good one it's an
00:17:55 --> 00:17:58 enormous sort of Dome shaped Hill magade
00:17:58 --> 00:18:00 with a tomb inside it one of those ones
00:18:00 --> 00:18:03 that lines up with winter solers sun
00:18:03 --> 00:18:04 Dawn coming in through one hole in the
00:18:04 --> 00:18:06 building that doesn't look particular it
00:18:06 --> 00:18:07 looks probably could look like a bit of
00:18:07 --> 00:18:09 a bunker wouldn't fit a lot of people in
00:18:09 --> 00:18:10 though must admit if you're having a
00:18:10 --> 00:18:11 nuclear war you would not going to save
00:18:11 --> 00:18:13 most of your population in there and no
00:18:13 --> 00:18:15 indication of ancient battles with
00:18:15 --> 00:18:16 aliens the story that it talks about
00:18:16 --> 00:18:18 carvings of people look like they're
00:18:18 --> 00:18:20 running away from something which could
00:18:20 --> 00:18:22 be true we're talking about 5 years
00:18:22 --> 00:18:24 ago Vikings it's a bit earlier than
00:18:24 --> 00:18:26 Vikings yeah like about sort of 4
00:18:26 --> 00:18:28 years yeah these are old old old things
00:18:28 --> 00:18:30 ancient Neolithic civilizations Etc and
00:18:30 --> 00:18:33 may how though does actually have Viking
00:18:33 --> 00:18:34 writing and almost graffiti actually you
00:18:34 --> 00:18:37 could say that it was apparently a lot
00:18:37 --> 00:18:39 of people coming back from the Crusades
00:18:39 --> 00:18:42 Sven was here Sven was here yeah very
00:18:42 --> 00:18:43 close to that actually saying that
00:18:43 --> 00:18:45 someone was here and one of them said my
00:18:45 --> 00:18:47 wife is very beautiful and had a picture
00:18:47 --> 00:18:50 of a dog beside there was a famous lion
00:18:50 --> 00:18:51 drawing there's a bird or perhaps an
00:18:51 --> 00:18:53 otter or something there's different
00:18:53 --> 00:18:55 drawings and things but these were done
00:18:55 --> 00:18:57 later like you know 4 years later
00:18:57 --> 00:18:59 definitely not of the time that maow was
00:18:59 --> 00:19:00 built and and they are basically
00:19:01 --> 00:19:02 graffiti from soldiers returning from
00:19:02 --> 00:19:05 The Crusade it's a strange theory that a
00:19:05 --> 00:19:07 nuclear war obviously involves aliens
00:19:07 --> 00:19:09 and that sort of stuff aliens having
00:19:09 --> 00:19:10 special Technologies and things but
00:19:10 --> 00:19:13 these particular ancient monuments one's
00:19:13 --> 00:19:15 a village show no indication at all of
00:19:15 --> 00:19:17 any of this stuff no radioactive fallout
00:19:17 --> 00:19:20 no nothing sand had filled these things
00:19:20 --> 00:19:22 certainly filled scar BR obviously as
00:19:22 --> 00:19:23 they say it's all covered up in these
00:19:23 --> 00:19:25 two booklets that I happen to have on
00:19:25 --> 00:19:27 these two site none of them mention
00:19:27 --> 00:19:29 nuclear war or ancient alien that's Tim
00:19:29 --> 00:19:32 mum from Australian
00:19:32 --> 00:19:41 [Music]
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