Source:
https://www.spreaker.com/episode/vulcan-rocket-success-and-a-peculiar-galaxy--62247683
Astronomy Daily - The Podcast: S03E172
Welcome to Astronomy Daily, your source for the latest space and Astronomy news. I'm Anna, your host, and today we have an exciting lineup of stories that will take us from groundbreaking rocket launches to mind-bending discoveries in the depths of space. Let's dive into the latest developments in space exploration and astronomical research.
Highlights:
- United Launch Alliance's Vulcan Rocket Flight: ULA's second Vulcan rocket flight launched last Friday, marking a pivotal test for certifying the new launcher for high-priority national security missions. Despite an anomaly with one of the solid propellant boosters, the mission showcased the rocket's resilience and the successful performance of its core stage and Centaur upper stage.
- Peculiar Galaxy Captured by Hubble: The Hubble Space Telescope has captured an image of NGC 4694, a peculiar galaxy in the Virgo cluster. This cosmic oddball, a lenticular galaxy, combines features of both elliptical and spiral galaxies and has undergone a collision with a nearby dwarf galaxy, offering insights into galactic evolution.
- Blue Origin's Upcoming Spacecraft Debut: Blue Origin is set to debut a new spacecraft on their NS-27 mission, scheduled for October 7. This uncrewed flight will feature technology upgrades and carry twelve research payloads, marking a significant step in Blue Origin's commercial spaceflight ambitions.
- Record-Breaking Triple Star System: NASA's TESS has discovered a tightly packed triple star system, TIC 290-06-1484, challenging our understanding of stellar systems. This discovery highlights the power of collaborative efforts between professional astronomers and citizen scientists.
- James Webb Space Telescope's Surprising Findings: The James Webb Space Telescope has revealed unexpectedly bright and mature galaxies in the early universe, prompting a reevaluation of galaxy formation models. These ancient galaxies, observed just 300 million years after the Big Bang, challenge existing cosmological theories.
- NASA's Parker Solar Probe Update: NASA's Parker Solar Probe has completed its 21st close approach to the sun, matching its distance record and reaching unprecedented speeds. Upcoming encounters promise even closer passes, providing invaluable data about the sun's atmosphere and magnetic fields.
For more space news, visit our website at https://www.spacenutspodcast.com. There, you can sign up for our free Daily newsletter, catch up on all the latest space and Astronomy news with our constantly updating newsfeed, and listen to all our previous episodes.
Don't forget to follow us on social media. Just search for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, and TikTok.
Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and stay curious about the wonders of our universe.
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00:00:00 --> 00:00:02 welcome to astronomy daily your source
00:00:02 --> 00:00:04 for the latest space in astronomy news
00:00:04 --> 00:00:05 I'm your host Anna and we've got an
00:00:05 --> 00:00:08 exciting lineup of stories for you today
00:00:08 --> 00:00:09 from groundbreaking rocket launches to
00:00:09 --> 00:00:12 mindbending discoveries in the depths of
00:00:12 --> 00:00:14 space we'll be covering the most recent
00:00:14 --> 00:00:16 developments in space exploration and
00:00:16 --> 00:00:18 astronomical research we'll dive into
00:00:18 --> 00:00:20 United launch alliance's latest Vulcan
00:00:20 --> 00:00:23 rocket flight explore A peculiar Galaxy
00:00:23 --> 00:00:25 captured by the Hubble Space Telescope
00:00:25 --> 00:00:27 and preview blue Origins upcoming
00:00:27 --> 00:00:30 spacecraft debut we'll also discuss a
00:00:30 --> 00:00:32 record-breaking triple star system
00:00:32 --> 00:00:34 examine surprising findings from the
00:00:34 --> 00:00:37 James web Space Telescope about early
00:00:37 --> 00:00:39 galaxies and catch up with NASA's Parker
00:00:39 --> 00:00:41 solar probe as it continues its close
00:00:42 --> 00:00:44 encounters with our sun so buckle up and
00:00:44 --> 00:00:45 get ready for a journey through the
00:00:45 --> 00:00:47 cosmos as we explore these fascinating
00:00:47 --> 00:00:49 stories from the world of astronomy and
00:00:49 --> 00:00:50 space
00:00:50 --> 00:00:53 science United launch alliance's second
00:00:53 --> 00:00:54 Vulcan rocket flight took off last
00:00:54 --> 00:00:56 Friday marking a crucial test in the
00:00:57 --> 00:00:58 company's efforts to certify the new
00:00:58 --> 00:01:00 launcher for high priority National
00:01:00 --> 00:01:02 Security missions while the rocket
00:01:02 --> 00:01:04 successfully reached orbit the flight
00:01:04 --> 00:01:06 wasn't without drama one of the two
00:01:06 --> 00:01:08 solid propellants strap on boosters
00:01:08 --> 00:01:11 experienced an anomaly during the ascent
00:01:11 --> 00:01:13 about 37 seconds after liftoff observers
00:01:13 --> 00:01:15 noticed a shower of Sparks and what
00:01:15 --> 00:01:17 appeared to be debris falling away from
00:01:17 --> 00:01:19 the right side booster the issu seemed
00:01:19 --> 00:01:21 to originate near the nozzle at the base
00:01:21 --> 00:01:23 of the booster causing a noticeable
00:01:23 --> 00:01:26 change in the exhaust Plum's shape
00:01:26 --> 00:01:28 despite the setback the Vulcan continued
00:01:28 --> 00:01:30 its climb to space demonstrating
00:01:30 --> 00:01:32 impressive resilience the core stages
00:01:32 --> 00:01:34 two blue origin built B4 engines each
00:01:34 --> 00:01:38 generating 550 lbs of thrust carried
00:01:38 --> 00:01:40 on with the mission after the first
00:01:40 --> 00:01:42 stage separation the Centaur upper stage
00:01:42 --> 00:01:44 took over completing two Burns to
00:01:44 --> 00:01:46 demonstrate its ability to restart in
00:01:46 --> 00:01:49 space a key requirement for complex
00:01:49 --> 00:01:50 military payload
00:01:50 --> 00:01:53 trajectories Ula CEO Tor Bruno
00:01:53 --> 00:01:55 acknowledged the booster anomaly but
00:01:55 --> 00:01:57 emphasized that the overall trajectory
00:01:57 --> 00:01:59 remained nominal throughout the flight
00:01:59 --> 00:02:01 the company plans to investigate the
00:02:01 --> 00:02:02 issue thoroughly once the mission is
00:02:02 --> 00:02:05 complete this flight was the second of
00:02:05 --> 00:02:07 two certification test flights needed
00:02:07 --> 00:02:09 before the Vulcan can carry high
00:02:09 --> 00:02:11 priority payloads for the US space force
00:02:11 --> 00:02:13 and National reconnaissance office the
00:02:13 --> 00:02:15 impact of the booster anomaly on the
00:02:15 --> 00:02:17 certification process remains uncertain
00:02:18 --> 00:02:19 but it's clear that Ula will need to
00:02:19 --> 00:02:21 address any concerns before moving
00:02:21 --> 00:02:24 forward with National Security launches
00:02:24 --> 00:02:26 the Vulcan represents the future of Ula
00:02:26 --> 00:02:29 set to replace both the retired Delta 4
00:02:29 --> 00:02:31 and the soon to be phased out Atlas 5
00:02:31 --> 00:02:34 Rockets with over 70 missions already
00:02:34 --> 00:02:36 booked before its first flight the
00:02:36 --> 00:02:38 stakes are high for Ula to resolve any
00:02:38 --> 00:02:40 issues quickly and maintain customer
00:02:40 --> 00:02:42 confidence in the new launch
00:02:42 --> 00:02:45 system now let's turn our attention to a
00:02:45 --> 00:02:47 fascinating discovery made by the Hubble
00:02:47 --> 00:02:49 Space Telescope the venerable
00:02:49 --> 00:02:51 Observatory has captured an image of a
00:02:51 --> 00:02:53 galaxy that's breaking the mold when it
00:02:53 --> 00:02:56 comes to classification located about 54
00:02:56 --> 00:02:58 million light years away in the Virgo
00:02:58 --> 00:03:02 Galaxy cluster and NGC
00:03:02 --> 00:03:04 4 is what astronomers call A
00:03:04 --> 00:03:07 peculiar Galaxy at first glance it
00:03:07 --> 00:03:08 appears to have characteristics of both
00:03:08 --> 00:03:11 elliptical and spiral galaxies making it
00:03:11 --> 00:03:14 a real Cosmic Oddball NGC
00:03:14 --> 00:03:17 4 has a smooth looking armless disc
00:03:17 --> 00:03:20 that's nearly devoid of star formation
00:03:20 --> 00:03:22 similar to an elliptical galaxy however
00:03:22 --> 00:03:23 its Stellar population is still
00:03:23 --> 00:03:26 relatively young and new stars are
00:03:26 --> 00:03:28 actively forming in its core this gives
00:03:28 --> 00:03:32 NGC 4,6 94 a markedly different Stellar
00:03:32 --> 00:03:35 profile from a classic elliptical galaxy
00:03:35 --> 00:03:37 what's even more intriguing is the
00:03:37 --> 00:03:39 chaotic structure of dust visible in the
00:03:39 --> 00:03:41 Hubble image this indicates some kind of
00:03:41 --> 00:03:43 disturbance in the Galaxy's past as it
00:03:43 --> 00:03:45 turns out NGC
00:03:45 --> 00:03:48 4694 has undergone a violent collision
00:03:48 --> 00:03:51 with a nearby dwarf Galaxy VCC
00:03:51 --> 00:03:55 2062 this Cosmic crash has left NGC
00:03:55 --> 00:03:57 4694 accreting gas from its smaller
00:03:57 --> 00:04:00 neighbor fueling its unique
00:04:00 --> 00:04:04 characteristics astronomers classify NGC
00:04:04 --> 00:04:08 4694 as a lenticular Galaxy a type that
00:04:08 --> 00:04:10 lacks the distinct spiral arms but still
00:04:10 --> 00:04:12 has a central bulge and dis these
00:04:12 --> 00:04:14 Galactic oddballs are crucial for
00:04:14 --> 00:04:16 understanding how galaxies evolve over
00:04:16 --> 00:04:19 time the discovery of NGC
00:04:19 --> 00:04:21 4694 reminds us that the universe is
00:04:21 --> 00:04:24 full of surprises and not everything
00:04:24 --> 00:04:26 fits neatly into our predefined
00:04:26 --> 00:04:28 categories by studying these peculiar
00:04:28 --> 00:04:30 galaxies astronomers can gain valuable
00:04:30 --> 00:04:33 insights into the complex processes that
00:04:33 --> 00:04:34 shape our Cosmic
00:04:34 --> 00:04:36 neighborhood let's get an update now
00:04:36 --> 00:04:38 from Blue origin who've been far from
00:04:38 --> 00:04:41 taking things easy blue origin the
00:04:41 --> 00:04:42 Aerospace company founded by Amazon's
00:04:42 --> 00:04:44 Jeff Bezos is gearing up for an exciting
00:04:44 --> 00:04:47 Milestone this Monday October 7th
00:04:47 --> 00:04:48 they're set to debut a brand new
00:04:48 --> 00:04:51 spacecraft on their NS 27 Mission this
00:04:51 --> 00:04:53 uncrewed flight will Mark the first
00:04:53 --> 00:04:55 launch for this particular new Shepherd
00:04:55 --> 00:04:57 vehicle the mission is scheduled to lift
00:04:57 --> 00:04:59 off from Blue Origins West Texas site
00:04:59 --> 00:05:01 during a window that opens at 9:00 a.m.
00:05:01 --> 00:05:03 eastern time while no humans will be on
00:05:04 --> 00:05:06 board the capsule will carry 12 research
00:05:06 --> 00:05:08 payloads including new navigation
00:05:08 --> 00:05:11 systems for both new Shepard and blue
00:05:11 --> 00:05:13 Origins larger new Glenn rocket this new
00:05:13 --> 00:05:15 vehicle features some notable upgrades
00:05:16 --> 00:05:18 blue origin says it includes technology
00:05:18 --> 00:05:20 improvements to enhance performance and
00:05:20 --> 00:05:22 reusability as well as an updated
00:05:22 --> 00:05:24 exterior design the company also
00:05:24 --> 00:05:26 mentions that it has accommodations for
00:05:26 --> 00:05:29 payloads on the booster itself the NS 27
00:05:29 --> 00:05:31 represents an important step for blue
00:05:31 --> 00:05:32 Origins commercial space flight
00:05:33 --> 00:05:35 Ambitions it's the second human rated
00:05:35 --> 00:05:37 new Shepard vehicle which should allow
00:05:37 --> 00:05:38 the company to increase its flight
00:05:39 --> 00:05:41 capacity and better meet growing
00:05:41 --> 00:05:43 customer demand for suborbital space
00:05:43 --> 00:05:45 tourism and research flights if
00:05:45 --> 00:05:47 successful this launch will pave the way
00:05:47 --> 00:05:50 for blue origin to expand its operations
00:05:50 --> 00:05:51 and potentially increase the frequency
00:05:51 --> 00:05:54 of its crude flights in the future it's
00:05:54 --> 00:05:56 a clear sign that the company is pushing
00:05:56 --> 00:05:57 forward in the competitive commercial
00:05:57 --> 00:05:59 space industry
00:05:59 --> 00:06:02 moving on now to a NASA Mission update
00:06:02 --> 00:06:04 NASA's exoplanet hunting spacecraft the
00:06:04 --> 00:06:07 transiting exoplanet survey satellite or
00:06:07 --> 00:06:10 Tess has made a groundbreaking discovery
00:06:10 --> 00:06:11 that's pushing the boundaries of what we
00:06:11 --> 00:06:14 thought possible in Stellar systems
00:06:14 --> 00:06:15 scientists have spotted a
00:06:15 --> 00:06:17 record-breaking triple star system
00:06:17 --> 00:06:19 that's so tightly packed it could fit
00:06:19 --> 00:06:21 comfortably between our sun and its
00:06:21 --> 00:06:23 closest planet Mercury this extrordinary
00:06:23 --> 00:06:29 system known as tick 2900
00:06:29 --> 00:06:31 the constellation signus it consists of
00:06:31 --> 00:06:33 twin stars that orbit each other every
00:06:33 --> 00:06:36 1.8 Earth days with a third star
00:06:36 --> 00:06:39 circling this pair every 25 days to put
00:06:39 --> 00:06:41 this in perspective the previous record
00:06:41 --> 00:06:43 holder for the Titus three star system
00:06:43 --> 00:06:46 had an outer orbit of 33 days set back
00:06:46 --> 00:06:47 in
00:06:47 --> 00:06:49 1956 what makes this discovery even more
00:06:49 --> 00:06:51 remarkable is the stability of the
00:06:51 --> 00:06:53 system the stars orbit in nearly the
00:06:53 --> 00:06:55 same plane which helps maintain their
00:06:55 --> 00:06:57 gravitational balance however this
00:06:57 --> 00:07:00 delicate dance won't last forever in a
00:07:00 --> 00:07:01 few million years the twin stars at the
00:07:01 --> 00:07:03 heart of the system will expand and
00:07:03 --> 00:07:06 eventually merge triggering a massive
00:07:06 --> 00:07:09 Supernova explosion this finding isn't
00:07:09 --> 00:07:10 just a cosmic curiosity it has
00:07:10 --> 00:07:12 significant implications for our
00:07:12 --> 00:07:14 understanding of star formation and
00:07:14 --> 00:07:16 evolution the compact nature of the
00:07:16 --> 00:07:19 system suggests that these Stars likely
00:07:19 --> 00:07:21 form together from the same process
00:07:21 --> 00:07:23 challenging our models of how multiple
00:07:23 --> 00:07:25 star systems come into being the
00:07:25 --> 00:07:27 discovery was made possible through a
00:07:27 --> 00:07:29 combination of test data machine
00:07:29 --> 00:07:31 learning algorithms and the Keen eyes of
00:07:31 --> 00:07:34 Citizen scientists it highlights the
00:07:34 --> 00:07:35 power of collaborative efforts between
00:07:35 --> 00:07:37 professional astronomers and amateur
00:07:37 --> 00:07:39 enthusiasts in pushing the boundaries of
00:07:39 --> 00:07:42 astronomical research looking ahead
00:07:42 --> 00:07:44 NASA's upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space
00:07:44 --> 00:07:48 Telescope set to launch in 2027 promises
00:07:48 --> 00:07:50 to reveal even more of these tightly
00:07:50 --> 00:07:53 packed star systems with its Superior
00:07:53 --> 00:07:55 resolution Roman could potentially help
00:07:55 --> 00:07:57 us discover systems with even shorter
00:07:57 --> 00:07:59 orbits or perhaps even more stars
00:07:59 --> 00:08:01 crammed into a single system this
00:08:02 --> 00:08:04 record-breaking triple star system
00:08:04 --> 00:08:05 serves as a reminder that the Universe
00:08:06 --> 00:08:08 still has plenty of surprises in store
00:08:08 --> 00:08:10 for us continually challenging and
00:08:10 --> 00:08:12 expanding our understanding of the
00:08:13 --> 00:08:15 cosmos speaking of discoveries here's
00:08:15 --> 00:08:17 another one from an old friend the James
00:08:17 --> 00:08:19 web Space Telescope continues to Astound
00:08:19 --> 00:08:21 scientists with its groundbreaking
00:08:21 --> 00:08:23 discoveries recent observations have
00:08:23 --> 00:08:25 unveiled surprisingly bright and mature
00:08:25 --> 00:08:27 galaxies in the early Universe
00:08:27 --> 00:08:29 challenging our existing models of
00:08:29 --> 00:08:31 galaxy formation and cosmology these
00:08:31 --> 00:08:34 ancient galaxies observed just 300
00:08:34 --> 00:08:36 million years after the big bang are far
00:08:36 --> 00:08:38 more luminous than scientists
00:08:38 --> 00:08:40 anticipated their brightness suggests
00:08:40 --> 00:08:42 they contain more stars in mass than
00:08:42 --> 00:08:43 previously thought possible for such
00:08:43 --> 00:08:46 young Cosmic objects what's even more
00:08:46 --> 00:08:48 intriguing is that many of these early
00:08:48 --> 00:08:51 galaxies show signs of actively growing
00:08:51 --> 00:08:53 black holes at their centers another
00:08:53 --> 00:08:56 indication of their unexpectedly rapid
00:08:56 --> 00:08:57 maturation these findings have left
00:08:58 --> 00:08:59 astronomers scratching their heads
00:08:59 --> 00:09:01 how could these Galaxies have formed so
00:09:01 --> 00:09:03 quickly and become so bright in such a
00:09:03 --> 00:09:05 short time after the universe's birth
00:09:06 --> 00:09:07 it's a puzzle that's forcing us to
00:09:07 --> 00:09:09 reconsider our understanding of early
00:09:09 --> 00:09:12 Galaxy Evolution some scientists propose
00:09:12 --> 00:09:13 that star formation in the early
00:09:13 --> 00:09:16 universe may have been more intense or
00:09:16 --> 00:09:18 bursty than we previously believed
00:09:18 --> 00:09:20 others suggest factors like lower
00:09:20 --> 00:09:22 amounts of Galactic dust or a different
00:09:22 --> 00:09:24 distribution of star masses could
00:09:24 --> 00:09:26 explain the unexpected brightness but
00:09:26 --> 00:09:27 these observations aren't just
00:09:28 --> 00:09:29 challenging our ideas about Galaxy
00:09:29 --> 00:09:31 formation they're also prompting some
00:09:31 --> 00:09:33 researchers to consider modifications to
00:09:33 --> 00:09:36 our broader cosmological theories some
00:09:36 --> 00:09:38 have even suggested that these findings
00:09:38 --> 00:09:40 might require us to reconsider the age
00:09:40 --> 00:09:42 of the universe itself however it's
00:09:42 --> 00:09:44 important to note that before we start
00:09:44 --> 00:09:47 rewriting our cosmology textbooks we
00:09:47 --> 00:09:49 need a more detailed understanding of
00:09:49 --> 00:09:51 the physical processes at work in these
00:09:51 --> 00:09:53 early galaxies as we continue to gather
00:09:53 --> 00:09:56 data and refine our models we may find
00:09:56 --> 00:09:58 explanations that fit within our current
00:09:58 --> 00:10:00 framework of understanding
00:10:00 --> 00:10:02 what's clear is that the James web Space
00:10:02 --> 00:10:04 Telescope is living up to its promise of
00:10:04 --> 00:10:06 revolutionizing our view of the early
00:10:06 --> 00:10:09 universe as WE peer further back in time
00:10:09 --> 00:10:11 we're sure to encounter more surprises
00:10:11 --> 00:10:12 that will push the boundaries of our
00:10:12 --> 00:10:14 knowledge and Spark new questions about
00:10:14 --> 00:10:16 the
00:10:16 --> 00:10:18 cosmos and finally today another NASA
00:10:18 --> 00:10:20 record-breaking update NASA's Parker
00:10:20 --> 00:10:22 solar probe has once again pushed the
00:10:22 --> 00:10:24 boundaries of solar Exploration with its
00:10:24 --> 00:10:27 latest close encounter with our star on
00:10:27 --> 00:10:29 September 30th the probe completed it
00:10:29 --> 00:10:31 its 21st close approach to the sun
00:10:31 --> 00:10:33 matching its own impressive distance
00:10:33 --> 00:10:35 record by coming within just 4.51
00:10:36 --> 00:10:38 million miles of the solar surface
00:10:38 --> 00:10:40 during this close approach or parhelion
00:10:40 --> 00:10:42 the spacecraft reached speeds of nearly
00:10:42 --> 00:10:46 395 mph as it raced around the Sun
00:10:46 --> 00:10:49 this mindboggling velocity is about 180
00:10:49 --> 00:10:51 times faster than the speed of a typical
00:10:51 --> 00:10:54 commercial airliner but the Parker solar
00:10:54 --> 00:10:56 probe isn't done breaking records yet
00:10:56 --> 00:10:58 after a fly by of Venus in November
00:10:58 --> 00:10:59 which will use the planet gravity to
00:11:00 --> 00:11:02 adjust the probe's trajectory it will
00:11:02 --> 00:11:04 make an even closer approach to the sun
00:11:04 --> 00:11:06 on December 24th this upcoming encounter
00:11:07 --> 00:11:08 will bring the spacecraft within a mere
00:11:08 --> 00:11:12 3.8 million miles of the solar surface
00:11:12 --> 00:11:15 traveling at speeds around 430 m per
00:11:15 --> 00:11:18 hour these Incredibly Close passes allow
00:11:18 --> 00:11:20 scientists to gather unprecedented data
00:11:20 --> 00:11:22 about the sun's atmosphere magnetic
00:11:22 --> 00:11:24 fields and the solar wind The
00:11:25 --> 00:11:26 information collected by the Parker
00:11:26 --> 00:11:28 solar probe is helping us better
00:11:28 --> 00:11:30 understand our star and its effects on
00:11:30 --> 00:11:32 Space weather which can impact
00:11:32 --> 00:11:35 technology both in orbit and on
00:11:35 --> 00:11:37 Earth and that brings us to the end of
00:11:37 --> 00:11:40 today's Journey Through the cosmos from
00:11:40 --> 00:11:41 record-breaking star systems to
00:11:41 --> 00:11:44 mysterious early galaxies the universe
00:11:44 --> 00:11:47 never fails to amaze and Inspire us I'm
00:11:47 --> 00:11:48 Anna and I hope you've enjoyed this
00:11:49 --> 00:11:51 episode of astronomy daily if you're
00:11:51 --> 00:11:53 hungry for more space news be sure to
00:11:53 --> 00:11:55 check out our website at astronomy
00:11:55 --> 00:11:57 daily. there you can sign up for our
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00:12:12 --> 00:12:14 Facebook X YouTube and Tik Tok sharing
00:12:14 --> 00:12:17 the wonders of the universe every single
00:12:17 --> 00:12:19 day thanks for tuning in and remember
00:12:19 --> 00:12:22 keep looking up because the sky is never
00:12:22 --> 00:12:24 the limit until next time this is Anna
00:12:24 --> 00:12:28 for astronomy daily signing
00:12:28 --> 00:12:36 off St is
00:12:36 --> 00:12:39 told St
00:12:39 --> 00:12:46 [Music]