#space #astronomy #science #news #podcast #spacetime
Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.
00:00:00
Stuart Gary: This is Space Time series 26 episode 65 for
00:00:03
broadcast on the 31st of May 2023. Coming up on Space Time, a
00:00:09
polar cyclone found on Uranus Lightning's role in the creation
00:00:14
of life and SpaceX's latest Space tourism flight to the
00:00:19
International Space Station. All that and more coming up on Space
00:00:24
Time.
00:00:25
Welcome to Space Time with Stuart Garry, astronomers have
00:00:46
discovered what appears to be a polar cyclone on the planet
00:00:50
Uranus. The findings reported in the journal Geophysical research
00:00:54
letters are based on new observations obtained thanks to
00:00:58
the distant planet's orbital position relative to the sun and
00:01:01
the Earth.
00:01:02
You see Uranus orbits the sun virtually on its side, its spin
00:01:06
axis is pretty much always pointing to the same place in
00:01:09
Space, regardless of its orbital position around the sun. The
00:01:13
Earth does the same thing with its spin axis, virtually always
00:01:16
points towards the same place in Space.
00:01:18
And that's what gives us our seasons. But while Earth takes
00:01:21
just 365 and a quarter days to complete each orbit around the
00:01:25
sun, the ice giant Uranus takes 84 Earth years and now is the
00:01:31
time when it's in just the right position.
00:01:34
So scientists use the radio antenna dishes of the very large
00:01:37
array in New Mexico to get some unprecedented views of Uranus as
00:01:41
its northern pole came into view during its long orbit around the
00:01:44
sun. And by examining radio waves emitted by the ice giant,
00:01:49
astronomers detected a polar vortex at the planet's north
00:01:52
pole.
00:01:53
The findings confirm a broad truth about all the planets with
00:01:57
substantial atmospheres in our solar system. It seems whether
00:02:01
the planets are composed mainly of rock or gas, their
00:02:04
atmospheres all show signs of swirling vortices at the poles
00:02:09
except for Mercury which has no substantial atmosphere.
00:02:12
In truth. Scientists have long known that Uranus's South Pole
00:02:16
also has such a feature. Back in January 1986 NASA's Voyager two
00:02:20
spacecraft imaged methane clouds during its fly by of the planet,
00:02:25
identifying winds at the South polar center which is spinning
00:02:28
faster than over the rest of the pole.
00:02:30
But Voyager two's infrared measurements observed no
00:02:33
temperature changes and that's where these new measurements are
00:02:36
different because they do since around 2015, astronomers have
00:02:41
been getting a better and better view of the Uranus North Pole
00:02:45
and as their view improves, they've been able to look deeper
00:02:48
and deeper into the northern polar atmosphere.
00:02:51
The study's lead author Alex Atkins from NASA's Jet
00:02:54
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California says the
00:02:57
new observations tell scientists a lot about the story of Uranus.
00:03:01
They show that it's a much more dynamic world than what one
00:03:04
might have thought it not simply just a plain blue ball of gas,
00:03:10
but unlike the typhoons, hurricanes and tropical cyclones
00:03:13
of Earth cyclones on Uranus aren't formed by water nor do
00:03:17
they drift around the place like they do on Earth.
00:03:20
They're simply just locked in at the poles. Researchers will be
00:03:24
watching closely in coming years to see how the newly discovered
00:03:27
Uranus cyclone evolves.
00:03:29
That's important because the National Academy's 2023
00:03:32
Planetary Science And Astrobiology decadal survey has
00:03:36
prioritized Uranus for exploration and in preparation
00:03:40
for such a mission, planetary scientists are focused on
00:03:43
bolstering their knowledge about the mysteries of the ice giant
00:03:46
system. This report from NASA TV first detected in 17 81 by
00:03:52
English astronomer, Sir William Herschel.
00:03:55
Uranus and Greek mythology is the name for the heavens, like
00:03:58
all the other planets, Uranus spins like a top but tipped over
00:04:02
on its side, strangely tilted and off center Uranus magnetic
00:04:08
field extends in a bizarre cork screwed tail, millions of miles
00:04:12
into Space. Its magnetic poles are also wildly askew.
00:04:15
Voyager two discovered two new rings, dark narrow thin bands of
00:04:20
ice rock and dust with particles the size of a fist. Although
00:04:24
Voyager two discovered 10 new Uranium moons, the most eagerly
00:04:28
anticipated event was the close encounter with Miranda, one of
00:04:31
the most bizarre moons in our solar system.
00:04:34
Close ups of Miranda revealed a strange and wondrous landscape
00:04:37
including a canyon, 12 miles deep. Miranda may have collided
00:04:41
with another moon shattered and then by the force of its own
00:04:44
gravity slowly reassembled itself into this chunk of rock
00:04:48
and ice.
00:04:49
A silent testament to the violent origins of our solar
00:04:52
system, this Space Time still to come. Lightning's role in the
00:04:58
creation of life on Earth. And SpaceX's latest Space tourism
00:05:03
flight to the International Space Station, all that and more
00:05:06
coming up on Space Time.
00:05:23
A new study has shown that lightning's role in making
00:05:26
nitrogen available for life on Earth may have been relatively
00:05:30
short lived, although lightning has been invoked as a major
00:05:34
source for bioavailable nitrogen for life on early Earth.
00:05:37
The new findings reported in the Journal Nature Geoscience show
00:05:41
that our planet's biosphere quickly became independent from
00:05:45
this nutrient source. Nitrogen is a key element for the origin
00:05:49
and evolution of life as we know it like today, nitrogen in the
00:05:54
atmosphere of the early Earth was mainly present in the form
00:05:56
of unreachable nitrogen molecules, denying organisms
00:06:00
easy access to this resource.
00:06:02
Now, some microorganisms are capable of converting molecular
00:06:06
nitrogen gas into bioavailable forms like ammonium. But before
00:06:10
the emergence of this metabolism, energetic processes
00:06:13
such as lightning must have been responsible for breaking apart
00:06:17
these nitrogen molecules to investigate how lightning can
00:06:21
make nitrogen available for life.
00:06:23
Researchers conducted a series of spark discharge experiments.
00:06:27
They filled glass flasks with water and different gas mixtures
00:06:30
resembling the atmospheres of both modern day and early Earth.
00:06:34
And they then subjected these gas mixtures to an electric
00:06:37
discharge of nearly 50 volts. After the experiments,
00:06:42
the scientists measured the composition of the gas mixture
00:06:45
and water and they detected increased concentrations of
00:06:48
nitric acid nitrite and nitrates.
00:06:51
The study's lead author, Patrick Bath from the University Of ST
00:06:54
Andrews says the results clearly show that lightning can't
00:06:58
efficiently produce nitrogen oxides in a carbon dioxide rich
00:07:01
atmosphere, the sort of atmosphere that likely existed
00:07:04
on the early Earth.
00:07:06
This therefore provides a potential source for nutrients
00:07:09
for life. At that time, the results will also help with
00:07:13
identifying a possible source for nitrate deposits on Mars and
00:07:16
possibly other planets and moons in our solar system. This Space
00:07:21
Time still to come. It's been a busy couple of months for
00:07:25
SpaceX.
00:07:26
Well, check out what they've been up to and later in the
00:07:28
science report, a new study warns that two billion people,
00:07:33
that's a quarter of the world's current population will be
00:07:36
exposed to dangerous heat conditions as a result of global
00:07:40
warming, all that and more still to come on Space Time.
00:07:59
SpaceX has launched another Space tourism flight, this one
00:08:03
to the International Space Station. The Axium two flight
00:08:06
carried a rich Tennessee businessman who started his own
00:08:09
racing car team, two wealthy Saudis and an experienced former
00:08:13
now retired NASA astronaut on a 10 day trip to the orbiting
00:08:17
outpost aboard the Dragon capsule freedom.
00:08:21
The mission aboard a Falcon Nine rocket from Pad 39 A at the
00:08:24
Kennedy Space Center in Florida launched 16 hours before docking
00:08:28
to the International Space Station is armed.
00:08:31
Generic: Falcon Nine is in start up and is now controlling Dragon
00:08:39
SpaceX. Go for lunch, dragging puppies, go for lunch. T minus
00:08:45
10 987654321.
00:08:55
Its full power and lift the Falcon Nine go active copy one
00:09:04
alpha. Together we expand what is possible in low Earth orbit
00:09:08
at Astra and Gods speed A X 22 plus 36 seconds, 36 seconds in
00:09:14
the flight. A great deal of Falcon Nine heading to Space
00:09:19
tree is nominal one down telemetry. Nominal. We're into
00:09:24
the throttle bucket is the first stage is throttle down power on
00:09:27
the Merlin engines in preparation for Max Q.
00:09:31
Falcon Nine is super Sonic faster than the speed of sound.
00:09:36
It take one tht up next. We're out of the throttle bucket. Take
00:09:39
one bravo, copy one bravo. We're at full power and not call on
00:09:43
one bravo. That's another one of those abort modes as we get
00:09:46
higher and faster. The logic for drug and should a contingency
00:09:50
occur?
00:09:50
Changes from stage to stage it chill announcement says we are
00:09:55
getting the turbo pump on the second stage engine cooled down
00:09:58
in preparation for its light up coming up in just another minute
00:10:02
from now. They're getting ready. We're going to get three events
00:10:05
here. Main engine cut off stage and then we're going to light
00:10:09
the second stage engine. We've heard the throttle down in
00:10:12
preparation for stage separation.
00:10:16
Eco stage separation, copy two album and back in initial stage
00:10:21
one. This start up. All right, stage separation. We've lit the
00:10:25
second stage engine. The first stage is into the boot back burn
00:10:29
working its way back towards Cape Canaveral.
00:10:31
That's the first stage engines running as we come back to the
00:10:34
launch site or the landing site, we are powering the Axiom two
00:10:37
Crew into low Earth orbit on the way to the International Space
00:10:41
Station waiting for call out that the boost back burn is
00:10:44
complete. Stage one boot back shut down right on time.
00:10:47
First stage completed the first of three burns heading back to
00:10:50
the landing site stage continuing on power and on
00:10:54
trajectory acquisition signal, Bermuda head northeast the
00:10:58
Bermuda ground station SpaceX trajectory nominal. Bermuda is
00:11:02
listening to the vehicle a nominal trajectory and the Crew
00:11:05
hears the call out of a nominal trajectory. So four minutes into
00:11:09
flight, everything continuing to go.
00:11:10
Well, first stage heading back the Crew on the second stage
00:11:13
getting the ride into orbit to the Space station up. We're
00:11:16
waiting for the next trajectory. Call out from the guidance
00:11:19
officer Dragon Space six trajectory nominal love to hear
00:11:23
those words, a nominal trajectory for Dragon nominal
00:11:26
trajectory and maybe even a little bit of excitement in the
00:11:30
Crew's voice.
00:11:30
Commander Peggy Whitson calling back down, hearing that call out
00:11:33
from GNC have a nominal trajectory. The first stage it's
00:11:36
now beginning to orient itself so that the engines are pointed
00:11:40
down towards the land is will be descending towards landing zone
00:11:43
one in Cape Canaveral.
00:11:44
The four Titanium grid fins have all deployed. They'll help
00:11:48
guide, they'll guide the first stage through the once we get
00:11:52
into the atmosphere following the entry burn, which will be
00:11:56
coming up here in another couple of minutes. The second stage
00:11:59
with the Dragon capsule on top heading up the eastern seaboard
00:12:02
of the US.
00:12:02
We've just heard the call out of Boston. That's the new Hampshire
00:12:06
track station has picked up the signal Dragon SpaceX trajectory
00:12:10
nominal and continuing to make those call outs that we want to
00:12:13
hear everything continuing to look good and the Crew echoing
00:12:17
them right back down. Stage one entry burn, start.
00:12:19
Up and there we heard that the startup burn for that stage one
00:12:24
booster has now begun. Stage one, a burn shut down. In
00:12:27
conclusion of that entry burn. That burn helps to slow the
00:12:31
vehicle down as it re enters the Earth's atmosphere. The first
00:12:35
day, the first stage sees high drag which scrubs roughly 70% of
00:12:39
the velocity by the time at six trajectory. Nominal.
00:12:42
Love to hear that call out everything on trajectory. This
00:12:46
booster is attempting a landing at LZ one stage one tread Sonic
00:12:50
booster is now traveling near the speed of sound grid fin's
00:12:53
actuating to help steer the booster down. Stage one, landing
00:12:57
stage two F DS has saved standing by to stage one landing
00:13:01
like deploy. Where are you? One landing? Her stage has landed
00:13:06
back at LZ one.
00:13:07
This is the first time that we have performed a land landing on
00:13:12
a Crew mission coming up next will be second engine cut off or
00:13:16
C O and that's where after, after that engine cuts off.
00:13:20
Second stage will coast for a few minutes until Dragon is
00:13:23
commanded to separate. Stage two is in terminal guidance are
00:13:27
expecting C O to occur in about 20 seconds.
00:13:30
Shannon copy, Shannon and Peggy Woodson continuing to call out
00:13:35
the abort modes. He go all right on time shutdown of that second
00:13:39
engine also confirming that the launch escape system is now
00:13:43
disarmed Dragon SpaceX nominal orbit insertion. All right. And
00:13:47
there's that call out, we can confirm good orbital insertion.
00:13:50
Copy, nominal insertion.
00:13:52
Dragon SpaceX launch escape system disarmed. The next event
00:13:55
that we have coming up is Dragon separation. That's where the
00:13:59
Dragon spacecraft and trunk. So collectively referred to as the
00:14:03
Dragon spacecraft will separate from the second stage
00:14:06
acquisitions.
00:14:06
They only even much after that separation, we will begin to
00:14:10
deploy the nose cone which exposes the forward bulkhead
00:14:14
thrusters as well as the forward hatch ford hatch is what the
00:14:19
capsule utilizes to autonomously dock to the International Space
00:14:23
Station.
00:14:24
We have mission specialist Raya Barna to the right of her is
00:14:29
pilot John Schoffner. Then we have Commander Peggy Whitson and
00:14:33
on the far right mission specialist Ali Al Carni, we are
00:14:37
standing by for Dragon separation. Dragon separation
00:14:41
comply and you can get that Dragon capsule and talking.
00:14:48
Very great flight safe travels. A few words from our chief
00:14:53
engineer as well. Thanks for putting your trust in the Falcon
00:14:55
Nine team. Hope you enjoyed the ride to Space. Have a great trip
00:14:58
on Dragon. Welcome home to zero G.
00:15:00
Stuart Gary: Tickets for the flight are rumored to have set
00:15:02
each of the tourists back around $80 million but that does
00:15:07
include meals. It's the second charter flight organized by the
00:15:11
Houston based Axiom group which plans to eventually build its
00:15:14
own private Space station for wealthy tourists.
00:15:20
Generic: We are building the world's first commercial Space
00:15:23
station. One element at a time. We think that what we're doing
00:15:27
is for everyone everywhere. This is a global endeavor. Our
00:15:32
partner Tales in Italy is in the finishing stages of building the
00:15:37
first module, the first pressure vessel we are here in the
00:15:41
integration and manufacturing area of Space.
00:15:45
Here we have the two cons that will be part of the modular is
00:15:51
also the gate to the modular to come in and to come out the very
00:15:57
big cylinder that will be the core of the modular on these
00:16:03
reports. All the additional modules will be docked. This is
00:16:08
the most complex piece of the entire Axio modular.
00:16:15
We're on pace to build a human rated spaceship faster than
00:16:19
anyone has ever built. One.
00:16:21
When we look at our road map, we look to see how we can double
00:16:27
its capability every five years. It requires a lot of different
00:16:31
talents and a lot of different engineering backgrounds. So
00:16:34
we've really expanded the team.
00:16:37
I'm working on the time sensitive network aspect of the
00:16:40
Space station. So that's the network, have all the flight
00:16:44
computers synchronized and actually do the thruster firing
00:16:48
at the perfect time.
00:16:52
So this is the command trailer, we're able to control our test
00:16:56
stand, which enables us to bury our set pressures, our flow
00:16:59
rates into the thruster in order to collect performance data at
00:17:03
various O F S and chamber pressure conditions. It's always
00:17:07
a blast to come out here, set everything up and start lighting
00:17:10
rockets off.
00:17:13
We have the carbon dioxide removal sub assembly. We're
00:17:17
going to be creating the most integrated ecosystem that has
00:17:21
ever been put into Space thus far, which is a really cool
00:17:23
thing to be able to say, I fabricate PC boards and cables
00:17:28
and harnessing because this is a life critical job. And you wanna
00:17:33
make sure you do the best possible job.
00:17:42
15 to 20 years from now, we're gonna be surrounded by objects
00:17:46
that we can't imagine how we live without that were
00:17:49
manufactured in Space. I think there's another promise too. And
00:17:52
that's why I'm really excited about the eggs, two Crew.
00:17:57
There is this effect that people have gone to Space and had this
00:18:01
is called the overview effect. Many people have come back
00:18:03
profoundly changed because of their experience. And I think
00:18:07
the more people that we can have that see the world as the whole
00:18:11
world, the better off we all are.
00:18:19
Stuart Gary: The flight was the combination of what's been an
00:18:21
incredibly busy. Couple of months for SpaceX. It launches
00:18:24
more rockets into Space than any other operator.
00:18:28
Back in mid March. The Hawthorn California based company
00:18:31
launched its 27th commercial resupply mission for NASA to the
00:18:35
International Space Station. The CRS 27 mission was also launched
00:18:40
from Pad 39 A aboard a Falcon Nine rocket.
00:18:43
Its Dragon cargo capsule carried some 2858 kg of food and
00:18:48
supplies to the orbiting outpost included in the manifest were
00:18:52
more of those tissue chipped biomedical experiments focusing
00:18:55
on human heart research. There was a new camera image tracking
00:18:59
stabilization project designed by high school students and
00:19:03
experiment replacing gravity with capillary forces to control
00:19:07
liquids that can absorb carbon dioxide tests.
00:19:10
Looking at the antimicrobial properties of different
00:19:12
materials in Space to help fight bacterial contamination. And a
00:19:16
study examining how radiation resistant microbes as well as
00:19:20
moss spores and biochemical compounds including amino acids.
00:19:23
Respond to Space exposure.
00:19:26
Just two days before that mission launched NASA's SpaceX
00:19:29
Crew five returned to Earth after their five month stay
00:19:32
aboard the International Space Station. Their Crew Dragon
00:19:36
capsule splashed down in the Gulf Of Mexico just off the West
00:19:39
Florida coast.
00:19:40
Generic: We're coming up to the de orbit burn again. This is
00:19:44
going to be an 11 minute burn approximately. We've got to slow
00:19:48
the astronauts down from orbital velocity at 17 MPH and put
00:19:53
them on that track to Tampa Florida and not splash down
00:19:56
because some of the thrusters are firing.
00:19:58
So the orbit burn is underway again, started right on time at
00:20:02
5 11 PM. Pacific targeting about 11 minutes before that burn
00:20:05
within just the last 10 minutes. Dragon jettisoned its trunk. It
00:20:09
initiated that orbit burn about two minutes ago now.
00:20:12
So for these operations, NASA and SpaceX closely coordinate
00:20:15
with the United States Coast Guard before we go any further.
00:20:19
Let's go ahead and take a minute to meet our Crew. First up is
00:20:22
Nicole Mann. She's the California native who holds a
00:20:24
master of science in mechanical engineering and is a colonel in
00:20:27
the Marine Corps.
00:20:28
She was an fa 18 Hornet and Super Hornet test pilot and
00:20:32
deployed twice aboard aircraft carriers support of combat
00:20:35
operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, Nicole was selected
00:20:38
by NASA in June 2013 and in the years that followed, led the
00:20:41
astronaut Corps in the development of hardware in the
00:20:44
Artemis program.
00:20:45
She is the Dragon commander for Crew five, which was her first
00:20:48
Space flight and she is also the first native American woman to
00:20:52
stay on the International Space Station. Sitting next to Nicole
00:20:55
is Josh Cassada who grew up in Bear Lake Minnesota.
00:20:58
The physicist and US Navy test pilot flew 23 combat missions
00:21:02
and later became an instrument at the US naval test pilot
00:21:05
school which is a common path military officers take to join
00:21:09
NASA Casada is one of more than 100 graduates who became
00:21:13
astronauts going back to the Mercury program on Earth.
00:21:16
He served as capsule commander in mission control, but for his
00:21:20
first Space flight on Crew five, he has served as pilot on Dragon
00:21:24
in the role of mission specialist. That's Japanese
00:21:26
astronaut Kouichi Wakata Kuii has a doctorate in aerospace
00:21:29
engineering and in 1996 became the first Japanese mission
00:21:32
specialist aboard the Space shuttle endeavor for sts 72.
00:21:35
In addition to his current mission, Kouichi flew four Space
00:21:39
shuttle missions, a roscosmos Soyuz and was on a long duration
00:21:42
stay aboard the International Space Station. And just on March
00:21:45
6th, Kouichi reached his 5/100 day in Space.
00:21:49
Wow, that's pretty incredible. The second mission specialist is
00:21:52
Ross Cosmos cosmonaut Anna Anna Kiki. She graduated from the
00:21:57
Novo Burk State Academy Of Water Transport in 2006, in 2012, Anna
00:22:03
officially became a candidate for the position of test
00:22:06
cosmonaut Crew five was on his first flight into Space as part
00:22:10
of the resumption of integrated crews on us.
00:22:13
Crew spacecraft and the Soyuz with the Russian State Space
00:22:17
Corporation Roscosmos.
00:22:19
Now we are still in that do orbit burn all of those four
00:22:22
Draco engines firing for the last time before closing that
00:22:26
nose cone and preparing the capsule for re entry do orbit
00:22:29
burn, complete performance, nominal nose cone closure and
00:22:34
coming up next will be our anticipated loss of signal
00:22:38
around 5 48 pm Pacific time. The Crew just got an update on that
00:22:43
from core here in Hawthorne before we started the broadcast.
00:22:47
So again, when we're in that entry period, and plasma is
00:22:50
building up around the spacecraft, it makes it hard for
00:22:53
us to communicate back and forth. So during that time, we
00:22:56
won't have communication with the astronauts or the spacecraft
00:23:00
itself.
00:23:00
However, again, is fully autonomous and continues guiding
00:23:04
those Crew members to our splashdown site in Tampa when
00:23:08
the capsule is on station and when it departs the Space
00:23:11
station, it's going 17 MPH or thereabouts, it's going
00:23:17
really, really fast.
00:23:18
And then we do that deorbit burn which helps to slow the vehicle
00:23:23
down significantly. But at that point in time, it's still going,
00:23:27
I want to say it's about 500 MPH as it re enters the atmosphere,
00:23:31
that heat shield is actually going to do a lot of work that
00:23:35
gets converted into the form of heat, that plasma that builds up
00:23:39
and actually slows it down.
00:23:41
So the Earth's atmosphere is actually going to help us out in
00:23:44
slowing the vehicle down even further as it re enters the
00:23:47
Earth's atmosphere. And then we have those two sets of
00:23:50
parachutes. Dragon SpaceX for entry briefing Dragon.
00:23:56
Ok. Just to give you a quick update here for timeline, the
00:24:00
weather is still looking good and we're looking forward to
00:24:03
getting you home shortly expected. Blackout time is in
00:24:06
approximately two minutes or so. We'll see you on the other side
00:24:10
at 0156 Zulu on the other side.
00:24:15
Now, after Crew Dragon endurance has re entered the Earth's
00:24:19
atmosphere, a series of parachutes will deploy to slow
00:24:22
the Crew's descent. First will be the two drogue parachutes
00:24:25
followed by the four main shoots to guide Dragon to its first
00:24:29
contact with the Earth.
00:24:30
Since it launched Dragon will automatically deploy those
00:24:33
parachutes when different pressure and positioning sensors
00:24:36
on the capsule detect that they are at the right speed and
00:24:40
altitude. And we were just talking about these speeds. So
00:24:43
the velocity at the drug deploy point, we've slowed down to 350
00:24:48
MPH. Those deploy at about 18 ft.
00:24:51
That is quite different from the 17 MPH. We were just
00:24:55
traveling before the orbit burned and then the velocity at
00:24:59
the time of main parachute deploys about 119 MPH. Those
00:25:03
will deploy at about 6500 ft and then that gentle water splash
00:25:07
down, we will be traveling at about 16 MPH.
00:25:10
So again, that highest G load we think is around 3 to 5 G. So
00:25:14
they should be pretty comfortable. We are in that
00:25:16
communications blackout period. It's just begun. That's right.
00:25:20
We're expecting that to last seven minutes due to the
00:25:23
formation of around the spacecraft during that time, no
00:25:27
vehicle inflammatory is received by mission control or the
00:25:30
recovery team and no external commanding of the vehicle or
00:25:34
voice communication is possible.
00:25:35
The top temperature that Dragon will experience upon that re
00:25:39
entry in terms of the exterior temperature is around 3500
00:25:43
degrees Fahrenheit Dragon SpaceX com as I mentioned, the SpaceX
00:25:49
core SpaceX Dragon, we have you violet and clear, we have you
00:25:54
the same good to have you back. Expect automated shoot
00:25:57
deployment Crew, Dragon endurance coming home after 157
00:26:06
days in Space, we are standing by for Dr parachute deployment.
00:26:11
Gps has converged expect nominal altitude for dru deploy Dragon
00:26:18
endurance is about to deploy the drogue parachutes. Those
00:26:22
automatically deploy about around the 18 ft Mark and
00:26:27
the capsule is going about 350 MPH brace for Dr window Dragon
00:26:33
brace visual on two healthy DRS.
00:26:38
Those will remain attached to the spacecraft until they help
00:26:43
deploy the main parachutes, main chute descent rate, nominal
00:26:48
dragging copies 1000 m 1000 Dragon endurance. With those
00:26:55
four healthy main parachutes at this point in time, the capsule
00:26:58
is going about 119 or was going about 119 MPH when those were
00:27:03
deployed.
00:27:04
And they also deployed about 6500 ft. So these main
00:27:08
parachutes will help slow the vehicle down even further to
00:27:12
about 300 copy, 800 to 400 m. Once again, we are targeting a
00:27:21
splashdown off the coast of Florida near Tampa. This is what
00:27:27
we would consider a Gulf landing Dragon endurance 200 m.
00:27:31
Crew brace for splash 200 embraced a Nicole Mann giving
00:27:37
out that call as we are standing by for a splashdown off the
00:27:40
coast of Tampa, Florida. Dragon endurance coming closer and
00:27:43
closer and a splashdown of Crew 5 157 days in Space. Dragon
00:27:50
splashdown names have been released copy Dragon we concur
00:27:56
with splashdown and mains released Dragon endurance on
00:27:59
behalf of SpaceX.
00:28:00
Stuart Gary: Welcome home Crew five had launched from Cape
00:28:02
Canaveral back in October last year. Their return to Earth saw
00:28:07
the jettison trunk section of their Dragon capsule make a
00:28:10
spectacular atmospheric reentry. Lighting up the skies over the
00:28:14
Western United States reports.
00:28:16
The fireball came in from Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico
00:28:20
and Texas. The trunk section provides external storage and
00:28:24
also provides the service module equipment for the Dragon during
00:28:27
its mission. It's jettisoned during the entry phase of
00:28:30
flight, exposing the Dragon capsules heat shield.
00:28:34
Meanwhile just a couple of days after the Axiom two flight
00:28:37
SpaceX successfully launched another 56 Starlink satellites,
00:28:41
the border of Falcon Nine rocket Space launch complex 40 at the
00:28:44
Cape Canaveral Space Force Space in Florida.
00:28:47
The Starlink 59 mission brings the current Starlink broadband
00:28:51
internet constellation to some 4447 satellites and it won't end
00:28:57
there. The company has permission to deploy up to
00:29:00
12 star links and they're still seeking permission to
00:29:03
launch an additional 30. It is going to get crowded up
00:29:07
there.
00:29:08
The mission also marked the 191st successful landing of a
00:29:11
Falcon Nine booster which touched down successfully aboard
00:29:14
the drone ship just read the instructions about eight minutes
00:29:17
after launch, the drone had been prepositioned down range in the
00:29:21
North Atlantic Ocean.
00:29:23
Now this flight took place just four days after SpaceX launched
00:29:27
another 51 Starlink satellites aboard a Fara nine rocket from
00:29:30
the other side of the country on pad four E at the Vanderberg
00:29:34
Space Force Base in California that booster stage also returned
00:29:38
safely to Earth landing on the drone ship. Of course, I still
00:29:41
love you which have been prepositioned down range in the
00:29:43
North Pacific Ocean.
00:29:46
Meanwhile, after severe weather and technical delays, SpaceX
00:29:49
finally managed to launch their Falcon heavy rocket. It carried
00:29:54
the vs at three America's satellite together with two
00:29:56
smaller communications satellites.
00:29:58
A tous GS one the flight from Space launch complex 39 A at the
00:30:03
Kennedy Space Center successfully placed the trio of
00:30:06
satellites into geostationary orbits 36 kilometers above
00:30:10
the Earth. The 6000 kg Boeing built vsat three America's
00:30:15
satellite is the first of three new generation broadband
00:30:18
satellites using the seven or two platform.
00:30:21
The 300 kg secondary auras payload was Austra Space
00:30:25
Technology's first commercial satellite. It'll deliver data at
00:30:29
rates of up to 7.5 gigabytes per second for Alaska and
00:30:32
surrounding areas.
00:30:34
The third satellite was gravity Space's GS one cubes sa It
00:30:38
carried several payloads including the Indonesian Utara H
00:30:42
One A which features Kuka and VQ frequency bands as well as an
00:30:47
infinite orbits, autonomous navigation system which uses
00:30:50
computer vision capabilities driven by machine learning based
00:30:53
estimation techniques to track resident Space objects.
00:30:57
This was also the first launch in which SpaceX intentionally
00:31:00
expended all three of its first stage boosters from the Falcon
00:31:04
heavy rocket. The Falcon heavy is made up of three first stage
00:31:08
boosters strapped side by side acting as a single core stage
00:31:13
and just two days before that launch.
00:31:15
Another Falcon Nine carried the 03 B M power three and four
00:31:19
communications satellites into orbit from the adjacent pad 40
00:31:23
at Cape Canaveral and the Falcon Nine S first stage booster from
00:31:27
that mission also landed safely aboard a drone ship after the
00:31:30
launch. They say Space is hard but you got to admit SpaceX
00:31:34
really do make it all seem easy.
00:31:37
This is Space Time and time. Mak another brief look at some of
00:31:55
the other stories making news in science. This week with the
00:31:58
science report, a new study warns that around two billion
00:32:02
people, that's a quarter of the world's population will be
00:32:05
exposed to dangerous heat conditions if we remain on our
00:32:09
current path towards 2.7 degrees Celsius of global warming.
00:32:14
The findings reported in the journal nature outlines the
00:32:17
human cost of climate inaction. The study shows that the narrow
00:32:21
goldilocks range of the Earth's climate where it's not too hot
00:32:25
and not too cold for humans to live called the climate niche is
00:32:29
rapidly shrinking.
00:32:30
The researchers say Australia in particular has been highlighted
00:32:33
as a country which would experience massive increases in
00:32:36
land area exposed to extreme heat if temperatures do rise by
00:32:40
2.7 degrees Celsius.
00:32:44
A new ultra thin nanotechnology skin patch capable of monitoring
00:32:48
11 different human health signals has been developed by
00:32:51
scientists at Melbourne's Monash University using specialized
00:32:55
algorithms, personalized artificial intelligence
00:32:58
technology can now disentangle multiple body signals,
00:33:02
understand them and make a decision on what to do next.
00:33:06
The research reported in the journal nature could change how
00:33:09
remote healthcare is delivered and it could be the future for
00:33:13
personal alarms, communication devices worn on the neck. The
00:33:17
ultra thin wearable patch has three layers, measuring speech,
00:33:21
neck movement and touch.
00:33:23
It also measures breathing and heart rates. The Monash team
00:33:26
developed a frequency, amplitude based neural network called deep
00:33:29
hybrid spectra that can automatically monitor multiple
00:33:33
biometrics from a single signal. The sensor is composed of
00:33:37
laminated crack platinum film, vertically aligning gold
00:33:40
nanowires and a percolated gold nano wire film.
00:33:44
Contrary to what you may have heard elsewhere, it seems neck
00:33:47
skin is the most sensitive skin on the human body and connects
00:33:51
up to five physiological activities associated with the
00:33:54
human throat, speech, heartbeats, breathing, touch and
00:33:57
neck movements.
00:33:59
Well, it could now be time for scientists to take a closer look
00:34:03
at unidentified aerial phenomena. You know the stuff we
00:34:06
used to call UFO S.
00:34:08
The call is based on a survey of 1460 American academics. In
00:34:14
fact, 19 per cent of respondents to the survey report that either
00:34:18
they or someone they know had witnessed an unidentified aerial
00:34:21
phenomena, observations of the sky that cannot be identified as
00:34:25
an aircraft or no natural phenomena. And another 37% of
00:34:30
scientists reported some degree of interest into conducting the
00:34:33
research into unidentified error phenomena.
00:34:36
The survey reported in the Journal Of Humanities And Social
00:34:39
Science, communications included political scientists,
00:34:42
physicists, psychologists and engineers. It highlights that
00:34:47
many academics consider the evaluation of unidentified error
00:34:50
phenomena to be truly worthy of academic scrutiny and not some
00:34:54
fringe activity.
00:34:57
Ace has released its latest line up of O E D laptops including
00:35:01
its new glassless 3d screens with the details we're joined by
00:35:05
technology editor Alex Zahara-Reutt from tech advice
00:35:09
dot life.
00:35:09
Alex Zaharov-Reutt: Well as have launched a whole stack of new
00:35:11
laptops, 24 of them actually in the current 2023 line up. And
00:35:15
what differentiates these from the laptops of the past is that
00:35:18
they all have led screens. Now, there's still a couple of
00:35:21
laptops in the range that are priced sort of under $1000 that
00:35:25
don't have lead.
00:35:26
But the cheapest one is 1399 Australian with an OLED screen.
00:35:31
So OLED used to be quite expensive because the screen
00:35:34
quality is really special. It's got deep blacks and it's just
00:35:39
much more vibrant than your traditional LCD or led
00:35:43
traditional screen.
00:35:44
So with OLED ASIS, buy so many of these screens that they've
00:35:48
been able to push the prices down and they're now the number
00:35:51
one OLED laptop maker and their vivo book range, which is sort
00:35:54
of their entry level sort of range that's got displays.
00:35:58
They've got a sort of a range in the middle of the Zen book,
00:36:00
including the Zen Book Duo, which is the model that comes in
00:36:03
14 and I think 16 inch sizes.
00:36:05
It's got a main screen and a secondary screen above the
00:36:08
keyboard. And both of those are now OLED and touch and the one
00:36:11
on the keyboard side is mat. So it's not reflecting things and
00:36:14
it raises automatically when you open up the laptop for extra
00:36:17
airflow. And there's also a Zen book S 13 led wells finished
00:36:23
OLED lap top.
00:36:24
It's about a centimeter in thick or thinness. It's about one kg
00:36:28
and it's got a beautiful OLED screen. And ASIS also has their
00:36:31
pro studio devices with a built in jog wheel which is physically
00:36:36
able to spin. It's designed for use in video editing or audio
00:36:39
editing. But they had in Australia, their 3d led display
00:36:44
that gives you 3D without glasses.
00:36:46
Now, this isn't being launched in Australia this year. It is
00:36:49
launched Overseas. So people we really want to get one, I don't
00:36:52
know the price, but I know that the top of the line Pro studio
00:36:54
was something like 10 grand.
00:36:56
The last time I saw it because it really is top of the line and
00:36:59
the effect really was seeing something floating in front of
00:37:03
your face. And at the top of the screen, it had two cameras
00:37:06
pointing out at the top just subtly to look at you because
00:37:09
it's looking at your eyes to make sure that it is displaying
00:37:13
the stereoscopic images, right?
00:37:17
If you look from the side, you end up seeing a sort of a double
00:37:20
image and I tried to film it, but of course, it requires two
00:37:23
eyes came well, I didn't try that but I know that when you
00:37:27
look at it from the wrong angle, you actually see a doubling of
00:37:30
the image because it's showing you two images. So if you close
00:37:33
one eye you probably won't see 3D because you need two eyes to
00:37:35
do it.
00:37:35
So that was a really nice new range. And ASIS has made a big
00:37:40
song and dance about how their machines they now have these
00:37:42
brightest and most looking screens and the design of them
00:37:45
stands out. They've got differently colored keyboards
00:37:48
and chassis and using a lot of recycled materials and they
00:37:52
definitely look more stylish than your traditional HP or Dell
00:37:56
laptop.
00:37:57
I mean, those guys obviously try to, you know, sexy up their
00:37:59
devices as well, but certainly when you go into a store and you
00:38:02
see all these different brands, ASIS really wants to catch your
00:38:04
eye and hopefully catch your wallet as well.
00:38:06
Stuart Gary: That's Alex Sahara Roy from tech advice dot live
00:38:25
and that's the show for now. SpaceTime is available every
00:38:29
Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts, itunes,
00:38:33
Stitcher, Google podcast, pocket casts, Spotify, acas Amazon
00:38:38
music bites dot com, Soundcloud, YouTube, your favorite podcast
00:38:42
download provider and from Space Time with Stewart Gary dot com.
00:38:47
SpaceTime is also broadcast through the National Science
00:38:49
Foundation on Science Zone Radio and on both iheart Radio And
00:38:54
Tune in radio.
00:38:55
And you can help to support our show by visiting the SpaceTime
00:38:58
Store for a range of promotional merchandizing goodies or by
00:39:02
becoming a SpaceTime patron, which gives you access to triple
00:39:05
episode commercial free versions of the show as well as lots of
00:39:08
bonus audio content which doesn't go to air access to our
00:39:11
exclusive Facebook group and other rewards.
00:39:15
Just go to Space Time with Stewart Gary dot com for full
00:39:18
details.
00:39:19
And if you want more Space Time, please check out our blog where
00:39:22
you'll find all the stuff we couldn't fit in the show as well
00:39:25
as heaps of images, news stories, loads of videos and
00:39:28
things on the web. I find interesting or amusing. Just go
00:39:31
to Space Time with Stewart Gary dot tumblr dot com.
00:39:35
That's all one word and that's Tumbler without the E you can
00:39:39
also follow us through at Stuart Garry on Twitter at Space Time
00:39:42
with Stewart Garry on Instagram through our Space Time YouTube
00:39:46
channel and on Facebook, just go to Facebook dot com forward
00:39:50
slash SpaceTime with Stewart Gary And SpaceTime is brought to
00:39:54
you in collaboration with Australian Sky and Telescope
00:39:56
Magazine.
00:39:57
Your Window on the Universe. You've been listening to Space
00:40:00
Time with Stuart Garry. This has been another quality podcast
00:40:04
production from bites dot com.